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132 North Ni Mine, Widgiemooltha, Coolgardie Shire, Western Australia, Australia i
Regional Level Types
132 North Ni Mine Open-Cast Mine
Widgiemooltha Town
Coolgardie Shire Shire
Western Australia State
Australia Country

Regional Level Types
132 North Ni Mine	Open-Cast Mine
Widgiemooltha	Town
Coolgardie Shire	Shire
Western Australia	State
Australia	Country

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132N Deposit, nov. 2005

132 North Ni Mine, Widgiemooltha, Coolgardie Shire, Western Australia, Australia

132 North mine stockpile 1993

132 North Ni Mine, Widgiemooltha, Coolgardie Shire, Western Australia, Australia

Gillardite

132 North Ni Mine, Widgiemooltha, Coolgardie Shire, Western Australia, Australia

132N Deposit, nov. 2005

132 North Ni Mine, Widgiemooltha, Coolgardie Shire, Western Australia, Australia

132 North mine stockpile 1993

132 North Ni Mine, Widgiemooltha, Coolgardie Shire, Western Australia, Australia

Gillardite

132 North Ni Mine, Widgiemooltha, Coolgardie Shire, Western Australia, Australia

132N Deposit, nov. 2005

132 North Ni Mine, Widgiemooltha, Coolgardie Shire, Western Australia, Australia

132 North mine stockpile 1993

132 North Ni Mine, Widgiemooltha, Coolgardie Shire, Western Australia, Australia

Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):

31° 27' 24'' South , 121° 32' 17'' East

Latitude & Longitude (decimal):

Type:

Köppen climate type:

BSk : Cold semi-arid (steppe) climate

Mindat Locality ID:

234

Long-form identifier:

mindat:1:2:234:8

GUID (UUID V4):

Other/historical names associated with this locality:

Mount Edwards Mine

A nickel mine located 6 km north-north-west of Widgiemooltha and 80 km south of Kalgoorlie (the earlier reference to a site to the southeast was incorrect).

The 132 North open-pit nickel mine has produced the greatest variety of secondary nickel minerals found anywhere in the world to date, some being the best of their species. It is the only locality for widgiemoolthalite and gillardite, and the second known occurrence for kambaldaite and nullaginite. It is one of several small komatiite-hosted nickel sulfide deposits in the district. The mine is located approximately 6 kilometres north-northwest of Widgiemooltha in low hills. Widgiemooltha itself is between Kalgoorlie and Norseman, and the town consists of a roadhouse and a couple of houses.

The deposit was discovered in 1968 by International Nickel Australia Ltd. Western Mining Ltd then purchased the deposit, and further drilling identified a small nickel sulfide orebody economical to mine. The mine opened in 1980. When the writer visited in 2011, it had closed.

The deposit is part of a 20-kilometre ridge extending north-northwest from Widgiemooltha. On the surface is slightly weathered metabasalt, and strongly weathered ultramafic rock, dated at 2,700 Ma. The deposit consists of the lowermost basalt unit called the Mt Edwards Basalt Formation, overlain by the Widgiemooltha Komatiite Formation. The 132 North nickel deposit is within the ultramafic basalt lava flow of the latter. The nickel sulphides within the regolith have been oxidised into a complex series of weathering fronts, including a rare expression of a carbonate front, which has resulted in a host of unusual nickel carbonate minerals.

In 1994, Blair Gartrell recovered over one thousand specimens from the mine, and over one hundred of these were studied by the CSIRO (Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation). Widgiemoolthalite was discovered in this study. Blair sold specimens from 132 North and other Western Australian locations by mail order in the early 1990s. Specimens labelled "Western Australia Mineral Museum" (Beverley, Western Australia) come from this source. When Blair passed away (1950-1994), his collection, including many specimens from 132 North, may have also entered the market. It is known some specimens at this time ended up with the Western Australian Museum, as well-known local prospector Mark Creasy purchased and donated the 'Gartrell Collection'.

Specimens may have also come from a pile of ore set aside at the mine in the early 1990s. Interest in purchasing the pile for specimens came from America. Conflicting oral accounts given to the writer about how this came about means no more can be confirmed at present.

Notes on the mineral list:

- at least some "Ni-bearing paratacamite" from this mine is in fact gillardite (and some is clinoatacamite).

- Nickel et al. (1993) list "several unnamed hydrated nickel carbonates" and "several apparently new unnamed nickel minerals".

- Nickel et al. (1994) list an "unnamed fibrous nickel carbonate" and an "unnamed vitreous nickel carbonate".

Select Mineral List Type

Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical Elements

Mineral List

49 valid minerals. 2 (TL) - type locality of valid minerals. 1 erroneous literature entry.

Rock Types Recorded

Note: data is currently VERY limited. Please bear with us while we work towards adding this information!

Select Rock List Type

Alphabetical List Tree Diagram

Detailed Mineral List:

ⓘ Actinolite

Formula: ◻Ca₂(Mg_4.5-2.5Fe_0.5-2.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂

References:

Nickel, Ernest H., Gartrell, Blair J., Clout, John F.M. (1994) Secondary Nickel Minerals from Widgiemooltha, Western Australia. The Mineralogical Record, 25 (4) 283-302

ⓘ Annabergite

Formula: Ni₃(AsO₄)₂ · 8H₂O

References:

Nickel, Ernest H., Robinson, Bruce W., Mumme, William G. (1993) Widgiemoolthalite: The new Ni analogue of hydromagnesite from Western Australia. American Mineralogist, 78 (7-8) 819-821

Clissold, Meagan Elizabeth (2007) Aspects of the Supergene Geochemistry of Copper, Nickel and Bismuth. PhD thesis, Western Sydney University. 1-162

ⓘ Aragonite

Formula: CaCO₃

References:

Nickel, Ernest H., Gartrell, Blair J., Clout, John F.M. (1994) Secondary Nickel Minerals from Widgiemooltha, Western Australia. The Mineralogical Record, 25 (4) 283-302pp.291-291

Clissold, Meagan Elizabeth (2007) Aspects of the Supergene Geochemistry of Copper, Nickel and Bismuth. PhD thesis, Western Sydney University. 1-162

ⓘ Azurite

Formula: Cu₃(CO₃)₂(OH)₂

References:

Clissold, Meagan Elizabeth (2007) Aspects of the Supergene Geochemistry of Copper, Nickel and Bismuth. PhD thesis, Western Sydney University. 1-162

ⓘ Calcite

Formula: CaCO₃

References:

Nickel, Ernest H., Gartrell, Blair J., Clout, John F.M. (1994) Secondary Nickel Minerals from Widgiemooltha, Western Australia. The Mineralogical Record, 25 (4) 283-302

ⓘ Carrboydite

Formula: (Ni_1-xAl_x)(SO₄)_x/2(OH)₂ · nH₂O

References:

Nickel, Ernest H., Robinson, Bruce W., Mumme, William G. (1993) Widgiemoolthalite: The new Ni analogue of hydromagnesite from Western Australia. American Mineralogist, 78 (7-8) 819-821

Nickel, Ernest H., Gartrell, Blair J., Clout, John F.M. (1994) Secondary Nickel Minerals from Widgiemooltha, Western Australia. The Mineralogical Record, 25 (4) 283-302pp.287-287

Clissold, Meagan Elizabeth (2007) Aspects of the Supergene Geochemistry of Copper, Nickel and Bismuth. PhD thesis, Western Sydney University. 1-162

ⓘ Chalcocite

Formula: Cu₂S

References:

Nickel, Ernest H., Gartrell, Blair J., Clout, John F.M. (1994) Secondary Nickel Minerals from Widgiemooltha, Western Australia. The Mineralogical Record, 25 (4) 283-302

ⓘ Chalcopyrite

Formula: CuFeS₂

References:

Alcock, R. (1979). The Composition of Ni. Sulfide Ores, with Particular Reference to Their Content of Pge and Au. Canadian Mineralogist 17:403-415

Clissold, Meagan Elizabeth (2007) Aspects of the Supergene Geochemistry of Copper, Nickel and Bismuth. PhD thesis, Western Sydney University. 1-162

ⓘ 'Chlorite Group'

References:

Nickel, Ernest H., Gartrell, Blair J., Clout, John F.M. (1994) Secondary Nickel Minerals from Widgiemooltha, Western Australia. The Mineralogical Record, 25 (4) 283-302

ⓘ Chromite

Formula: Fe²⁺Cr³⁺₂O₄

References:

Nickel, Ernest H., Gartrell, Blair J., Clout, John F.M. (1994) Secondary Nickel Minerals from Widgiemooltha, Western Australia. The Mineralogical Record, 25 (4) 283-302

ⓘ Chrysotile

Formula: Mg₃(Si₂O₅)(OH)₄

ⓘ 'Clay minerals'

References:

Nickel, Ernest H., Gartrell, Blair J., Clout, John F.M. (1994) Secondary Nickel Minerals from Widgiemooltha, Western Australia. The Mineralogical Record, 25 (4) 283-302

ⓘ Clinoatacamite

Formula: Cu₂(OH)₃Cl

References:

Colchester et al., 2007

ⓘ Covellite

Formula: CuS

References:

Nickel, Ernest H., Gartrell, Blair J., Clout, John F.M. (1994) Secondary Nickel Minerals from Widgiemooltha, Western Australia. The Mineralogical Record, 25 (4) 283-302

ⓘ Dolomite

Formula: CaMg(CO₃)₂

References:

Clissold, Meagan Elizabeth (2007) Aspects of the Supergene Geochemistry of Copper, Nickel and Bismuth. PhD thesis, Western Sydney University. 1-162

✪ Gaspéite

Formula: NiCO₃

Habit: Veins up to 50cm thick.

Colour: Apple green

References:

Am.Min.: 78: 819-821.

Nickel, Ernest H., Robinson, Bruce W., Mumme, William G. (1993) Widgiemoolthalite: The new Ni analogue of hydromagnesite from Western Australia. American Mineralogist, 78 (7-8) 819-821

Clissold, Meagan Elizabeth (2007) Aspects of the Supergene Geochemistry of Copper, Nickel and Bismuth. PhD thesis, Western Sydney University. 1-162

ⓘ Gersdorffite

Formula: NiAsS

References:

Nickel, Ernest H., Gartrell, Blair J., Clout, John F.M. (1994) Secondary Nickel Minerals from Widgiemooltha, Western Australia. The Mineralogical Record, 25 (4) 283-302

ⓘ Gillardite (TL)

Formula: Cu₃Ni(OH)₆Cl₂

Type Locality:

References:

Colchester, D.M., Leverett, P., Clissold, M.E., Williams, P.A., Hibbs, D.E., Nickel, E.H. (2007) Gillardite, Cu3NiCl2(OH)6, a new mineral from the 132 North deposit, Widgiemooltha, Western Australia. Australian Journal of Mineralogy: 13(1): 15-18. https://rruff.info/uploads/AJM13_15.pdf

Clissold, M.E. (2007) Aspects of the Supergene Geochemistry of Copper, Nickel and Bismuth. PhD Thesis University of Sydney, Australia, 162 pages.

ⓘ Glaukosphaerite

Formula: (Cu,Ni)₂(CO₃)(OH)₂

References:

Nickel, Ernest H., Robinson, Bruce W., Mumme, William G. (1993) Widgiemoolthalite: The new Ni analogue of hydromagnesite from Western Australia. American Mineralogist, 78 (7-8) 819-821

Clissold, Meagan Elizabeth (2007) Aspects of the Supergene Geochemistry of Copper, Nickel and Bismuth. PhD thesis, Western Sydney University. 1-162

ⓘ Goethite

Formula: Fe³⁺O(OH)

References:

Nickel, Ernest H., Gartrell, Blair J., Clout, John F.M. (1994) Secondary Nickel Minerals from Widgiemooltha, Western Australia. The Mineralogical Record, 25 (4) 283-302

ⓘ Gypsum

Formula: CaSO₄ · 2H₂O

References:

Clissold, Meagan Elizabeth (2007) Aspects of the Supergene Geochemistry of Copper, Nickel and Bismuth. PhD thesis, Western Sydney University. 1-162

ⓘ Hematite

Formula: Fe₂O₃

References:

Nickel, Ernest H., Gartrell, Blair J., Clout, John F.M. (1994) Secondary Nickel Minerals from Widgiemooltha, Western Australia. The Mineralogical Record, 25 (4) 283-302

ⓘ Huntite

Formula: CaMg₃(CO₃)₄

References:

Clissold, Meagan Elizabeth (2007) Aspects of the Supergene Geochemistry of Copper, Nickel and Bismuth. PhD thesis, Western Sydney University. 1-162

ⓘ Hydrohonessite

Formula: (Ni_1-xFe³⁺_x)(OH)₂(SO₄)_x/2 · nH₂O

References:

Nickel, Ernest H., Robinson, Bruce W., Mumme, William G. (1993) Widgiemoolthalite: The new Ni analogue of hydromagnesite from Western Australia. American Mineralogist, 78 (7-8) 819-821

Clissold, Meagan Elizabeth (2007) Aspects of the Supergene Geochemistry of Copper, Nickel and Bismuth. PhD thesis, Western Sydney University. 1-162

ⓘ Kambaldaite

Formula: NaNi₄(CO₃)₃(OH)₃ · 3H₂O

References:

Nickel, Ernest H., Robinson, Bruce W., Mumme, William G. (1993) Widgiemoolthalite: The new Ni analogue of hydromagnesite from Western Australia. American Mineralogist, 78 (7-8) 819-821

Clissold, Meagan Elizabeth (2007) Aspects of the Supergene Geochemistry of Copper, Nickel and Bismuth. PhD thesis, Western Sydney University. 1-162

ⓘ Lavendulan

Formula: NaCaCu₅(AsO₄)₄Cl · 5H₂O

References:

Clissold, Meagan Elizabeth (2007) Aspects of the Supergene Geochemistry of Copper, Nickel and Bismuth. PhD thesis, Western Sydney University. 1-162

ⓘ Magnesite

Formula: MgCO₃

References:

Nickel, Ernest H., Gartrell, Blair J., Clout, John F.M. (1994) Secondary Nickel Minerals from Widgiemooltha, Western Australia. The Mineralogical Record, 25 (4) 283-302pp.290-290

Clissold, Meagan Elizabeth (2007) Aspects of the Supergene Geochemistry of Copper, Nickel and Bismuth. PhD thesis, Western Sydney University. 1-162

ⓘ Magnesite var. Nickel-bearing Magnesite

Formula: (Mg,Ni)CO₃

References:

Nickel, Ernest H., Gartrell, Blair J., Clout, John F.M. (1994) Secondary Nickel Minerals from Widgiemooltha, Western Australia. The Mineralogical Record, 25 (4) 283-302

ⓘ Marcasite

Formula: FeS₂

References:

Nickel, Ernest H., Gartrell, Blair J., Clout, John F.M. (1994) Secondary Nickel Minerals from Widgiemooltha, Western Australia. The Mineralogical Record, 25 (4) 283-302

ⓘ Motukoreaite

Formula: Mg₆Al₃(OH)₁₈[Na(H₂O)₆][SO₄]₂ · 6H₂O

References:

Clissold, Meagan Elizabeth (2007) Aspects of the Supergene Geochemistry of Copper, Nickel and Bismuth. PhD thesis, Western Sydney University. 1-162

ⓘ Népouite

Formula: Ni₃Si₂O₅(OH)₄

References:

Nickel, Ernest H., Robinson, Bruce W., Mumme, William G. (1993) Widgiemoolthalite: The new Ni analogue of hydromagnesite from Western Australia. American Mineralogist, 78 (7-8) 819-821

Clissold, Meagan Elizabeth (2007) Aspects of the Supergene Geochemistry of Copper, Nickel and Bismuth. PhD thesis, Western Sydney University. 1-162

ⓘ Nickelhexahydrite

Formula: Ni(SO₄) · 6H₂O

References:

Judy Rowe collection

ⓘ Nickeline

Formula: NiAs

References:

Nickel, Ernest H., Gartrell, Blair J., Clout, John F.M. (1994) Secondary Nickel Minerals from Widgiemooltha, Western Australia. The Mineralogical Record, 25 (4) 283-302

ⓘ Nullaginite

Formula: Ni₂(CO₃)(OH)₂

References:

Nickel, Ernest H., Robinson, Bruce W., Mumme, William G. (1993) Widgiemoolthalite: The new Ni analogue of hydromagnesite from Western Australia. American Mineralogist, 78 (7-8) 819-821

Clissold, Meagan Elizabeth (2007) Aspects of the Supergene Geochemistry of Copper, Nickel and Bismuth. PhD thesis, Western Sydney University. 1-162

ⓘ Olivenite

Formula: Cu₂(AsO₄)(OH)

References:

Clissold, Meagan Elizabeth (2007) Aspects of the Supergene Geochemistry of Copper, Nickel and Bismuth. PhD thesis, Western Sydney University. 1-162

ⓘ Otwayite

Formula: Ni₂(CO₃)(OH)₂ · H₂O

References:

Nickel, Ernest H., Robinson, Bruce W., Mumme, William G. (1993) Widgiemoolthalite: The new Ni analogue of hydromagnesite from Western Australia. American Mineralogist, 78 (7-8) 819-821

Clissold, Meagan Elizabeth (2007) Aspects of the Supergene Geochemistry of Copper, Nickel and Bismuth. PhD thesis, Western Sydney University. 1-162

ⓘ ~~Paratacamite~~

Formula: Cu₃(Cu,Zn)(OH)₆Cl₂

References:

Colchester et al., 2007

Nickel, Ernest H., Robinson, Bruce W., Mumme, William G. (1993) Widgiemoolthalite: The new Ni analogue of hydromagnesite from Western Australia. American Mineralogist, 78 (7-8) 819-821

ⓘ Pecoraite

Formula: Ni₃(Si₂O₅)(OH)₄

References:

Nickel, Ernest H., Robinson, Bruce W., Mumme, William G. (1993) Widgiemoolthalite: The new Ni analogue of hydromagnesite from Western Australia. American Mineralogist, 78 (7-8) 819-821

Clissold, Meagan Elizabeth (2007) Aspects of the Supergene Geochemistry of Copper, Nickel and Bismuth. PhD thesis, Western Sydney University. 1-162

ⓘ Pentlandite

Formula: (Ni_xFe_y)_Σ9S₈

References:

Clissold, Meagan Elizabeth (2007) Aspects of the Supergene Geochemistry of Copper, Nickel and Bismuth. PhD thesis, Western Sydney University. 1-162

ⓘ Pharmacosiderite

Formula: KFe³⁺₄(AsO₄)₃(OH)₄ · 6-7H₂O

References:

Clissold, Meagan Elizabeth (2007) Aspects of the Supergene Geochemistry of Copper, Nickel and Bismuth. PhD thesis, Western Sydney University. 1-162

ⓘ Pyrite

Formula: FeS₂

References:

Alcock, R. (1979). The Composition of Ni. Sulfide Ores, with Particular Reference to Their Content of Pge and Au. Canadian Mineralogist 17:403-415

Clissold, Meagan Elizabeth (2007) Aspects of the Supergene Geochemistry of Copper, Nickel and Bismuth. PhD thesis, Western Sydney University. 1-162

ⓘ Pyrolusite

Formula: Mn⁴⁺O₂

References:

Clissold, Meagan Elizabeth (2007) Aspects of the Supergene Geochemistry of Copper, Nickel and Bismuth. PhD thesis, Western Sydney University. 1-162

ⓘ Pyrrhotite

Formula: Fe_1-xS

References:

Alcock, R. (1979). The Composition of Ni. Sulfide Ores, with Particular Reference to Their Content of Pge and Au. Canadian Mineralogist 17:403-415

Clissold, Meagan Elizabeth (2007) Aspects of the Supergene Geochemistry of Copper, Nickel and Bismuth. PhD thesis, Western Sydney University. 1-162

ⓘ Quartz

Formula: SiO₂

References:

Nickel, Ernest H., Gartrell, Blair J., Clout, John F.M. (1994) Secondary Nickel Minerals from Widgiemooltha, Western Australia. The Mineralogical Record, 25 (4) 283-302

ⓘ Reevesite

Formula: Ni₆Fe³⁺₂(OH)₁₆(CO₃) · 4H₂O

References:

Nickel, Ernest H., Robinson, Bruce W., Mumme, William G. (1993) Widgiemoolthalite: The new Ni analogue of hydromagnesite from Western Australia. American Mineralogist, 78 (7-8) 819-821

Clissold, Meagan Elizabeth (2007) Aspects of the Supergene Geochemistry of Copper, Nickel and Bismuth. PhD thesis, Western Sydney University. 1-162

ⓘ Retgersite

Formula: NiSO₄ · 6H₂O

References:

Nickel, Ernest H., Robinson, Bruce W., Mumme, William G. (1993) Widgiemoolthalite: The new Ni analogue of hydromagnesite from Western Australia. American Mineralogist, 78 (7-8) 819-821

Clissold, Meagan Elizabeth (2007) Aspects of the Supergene Geochemistry of Copper, Nickel and Bismuth. PhD thesis, Western Sydney University. 1-162

ⓘ Siderite

Formula: FeCO₃

References:

Nickel, Ernest H., Gartrell, Blair J., Clout, John F.M. (1994) Secondary Nickel Minerals from Widgiemooltha, Western Australia. The Mineralogical Record, 25 (4) 283-302

ⓘ Smythite

Formula: (Fe,Ni)_3+xS₄ (x=0-0.3)

References:

Nickel, Ernest H., Gartrell, Blair J., Clout, John F.M. (1994) Secondary Nickel Minerals from Widgiemooltha, Western Australia. The Mineralogical Record, 25 (4) 283-302

ⓘ Takovite

Formula: Ni₆Al₂(OH)₁₆[CO₃] · 4H₂O

References:

Nickel, Ernest H., Robinson, Bruce W., Mumme, William G. (1993) Widgiemoolthalite: The new Ni analogue of hydromagnesite from Western Australia. American Mineralogist, 78 (7-8) 819-821

Clissold, Meagan Elizabeth (2007) Aspects of the Supergene Geochemistry of Copper, Nickel and Bismuth. PhD thesis, Western Sydney University. 1-162

ⓘ Talc

Formula: Mg₃Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂

References:

Nickel, Ernest H., Gartrell, Blair J., Clout, John F.M. (1994) Secondary Nickel Minerals from Widgiemooltha, Western Australia. The Mineralogical Record, 25 (4) 283-302

ⓘ Tremolite

Formula: ◻Ca₂Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂

References:

Nickel, Ernest H., Gartrell, Blair J., Clout, John F.M. (1994) Secondary Nickel Minerals from Widgiemooltha, Western Australia. The Mineralogical Record, 25 (4) 283-302

ⓘ Violarite

Formula: Fe²⁺Ni³⁺₂S₄

References:

Nickel, Ernest H., Gartrell, Blair J., Clout, John F.M. (1994) Secondary Nickel Minerals from Widgiemooltha, Western Australia. The Mineralogical Record, 25 (4) 283-302

ⓘ Widgiemoolthalite (TL)

Formula: Ni₅(CO₃)₄(OH)₂ · 5H₂O

Type Locality:

References:

Am.Min.: 78 (1993): 819-21.

Nickel, Ernest H., Robinson, Bruce W., Mumme, William G. (1993) Widgiemoolthalite: The new Ni analogue of hydromagnesite from Western Australia. American Mineralogist, 78 (7-8) 819-821

Nickel, Ernest H., Gartrell, Blair J., Clout, John F.M. (1994) Secondary Nickel Minerals from Widgiemooltha, Western Australia. The Mineralogical Record, 25 (4) 283-302pp.289-290

Gallery:

(Cu,Ni)₂(CO₃)(OH)₂ⓘ Glaukosphaerite

Glaukosphaerite, etc.

132 North Ni Mine, Widgiemooltha, Coolgardie Shire, Western Australia, Australia

Glaukosphaerite, etc.

132 North Ni Mine, Widgiemooltha, Coolgardie Shire, Western Australia, Australia

Glaukosphaerite, etc.

132 North Ni Mine, Widgiemooltha, Coolgardie Shire, Western Australia, Australia

NaCaCu₅(AsO₄)₄Cl · 5H₂Oⓘ Lavendulan

Lavendulan

132 North Ni Mine, Widgiemooltha, Coolgardie Shire, Western Australia, Australia

Lavendulan

132 North Ni Mine, Widgiemooltha, Coolgardie Shire, Western Australia, Australia

Lavendulan

132 North Ni Mine, Widgiemooltha, Coolgardie Shire, Western Australia, Australia

Ni₂(CO₃)(OH)₂ⓘ Nullaginite

Nullaginite

132 North Ni Mine, Widgiemooltha, Coolgardie Shire, Western Australia, Australia

Nullaginite

132 North Ni Mine, Widgiemooltha, Coolgardie Shire, Western Australia, Australia

Nullaginite

132 North Ni Mine, Widgiemooltha, Coolgardie Shire, Western Australia, Australia

Ni₂(CO₃)(OH)₂ · H₂Oⓘ Otwayite

Otwayite

132 North Ni Mine, Widgiemooltha, Coolgardie Shire, Western Australia, Australia

Otwayite

132 North Ni Mine, Widgiemooltha, Coolgardie Shire, Western Australia, Australia

Otwayite

132 North Ni Mine, Widgiemooltha, Coolgardie Shire, Western Australia, Australia

SiO₂ⓘ Quartz

Quartz, etc.

132 North Ni Mine, Widgiemooltha, Coolgardie Shire, Western Australia, Australia

Quartz, etc.

132 North Ni Mine, Widgiemooltha, Coolgardie Shire, Western Australia, Australia

Quartz, etc.

132 North Ni Mine, Widgiemooltha, Coolgardie Shire, Western Australia, Australia

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts
ⓘ	Chalcocite	2.BA.05	Cu₂S
ⓘ	Pentlandite	2.BB.15	(Ni_xFe_y)_Σ9S₈
ⓘ	Covellite	2.CA.05a	CuS
ⓘ	Chalcopyrite	2.CB.10a	CuFeS₂
ⓘ	Nickeline	2.CC.05	NiAs
ⓘ	Pyrrhotite	2.CC.10	Fe_1-xS
ⓘ	Smythite	2.CC.10	(Fe,Ni)_3+xS₄ (x=0-0.3)
ⓘ	Violarite	2.DA.05	Fe²⁺Ni³⁺₂S₄
ⓘ	Pyrite	2.EB.05a	FeS₂
ⓘ	Marcasite	2.EB.10a	FeS₂
ⓘ	Gersdorffite	2.EB.25	NiAsS
Group 3 - Halides
ⓘ	Clinoatacamite	3.DA.10b	Cu₂(OH)₃Cl
ⓘ	Paratacamite ?	3.DA.10c	Cu₃(Cu,Zn)(OH)₆Cl₂
ⓘ	Gillardite (TL)	3.DA.10c	Cu₃Ni(OH)₆Cl₂
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
ⓘ	Goethite	4.00.	Fe³⁺O(OH)
ⓘ	Chromite	4.BB.05	Fe²⁺Cr³⁺₂O₄
ⓘ	Hematite	4.CB.05	Fe₂O₃
ⓘ	Quartz	4.DA.05	SiO₂
ⓘ	Pyrolusite	4.DB.05	Mn⁴⁺O₂
Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates
ⓘ	Calcite	5.AB.05	CaCO₃
ⓘ	Gaspéite	5.AB.05	NiCO₃
ⓘ	Magnesite	5.AB.05	MgCO₃
ⓘ	Siderite	5.AB.05	FeCO₃
ⓘ	Magnesite var. Nickel-bearing Magnesite	5.AB.05	(Mg,Ni)CO₃
ⓘ	Dolomite	5.AB.10	CaMg(CO₃)₂
ⓘ	Aragonite	5.AB.15	CaCO₃
ⓘ	Huntite	5.AB.25	CaMg₃(CO₃)₄
ⓘ	Azurite	5.BA.05	Cu₃(CO₃)₂(OH)₂
ⓘ	Glaukosphaerite	5.BA.10	(Cu,Ni)₂(CO₃)(OH)₂
ⓘ	Nullaginite	5.BA.10	Ni₂(CO₃)(OH)₂
ⓘ	Widgiemoolthalite (TL)	5.DA.05	Ni₅(CO₃)₄(OH)₂ · 5H₂O
ⓘ	Otwayite	5.DA.15	Ni₂(CO₃)(OH)₂ · H₂O
ⓘ	Kambaldaite	5.DA.20	NaNi₄(CO₃)₃(OH)₃ · 3H₂O
ⓘ	Reevesite	5.DA.50	Ni₆Fe³⁺₂(OH)₁₆(CO₃) · 4H₂O
ⓘ	Takovite	5.DA.50	Ni₆Al₂(OH)₁₆[CO₃] · 4H₂O
Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates
ⓘ	Nickelhexahydrite	7.CB.25	Ni(SO₄) · 6H₂O
ⓘ	Retgersite	7.CB.30	NiSO₄ · 6H₂O
ⓘ	Gypsum	7.CD.40	CaSO₄ · 2H₂O
ⓘ	Carrboydite	7.DD.35	(Ni_1-xAl_x)(SO₄)_x/2(OH)₂ · nH₂O
ⓘ	Hydrohonessite	7.DD.35	(Ni_1-xFe³⁺_x)(OH)₂(SO₄)_x/2 · nH₂O
ⓘ	Motukoreaite	7.DD.35	Mg₆Al₃(OH)₁₈[Na(H₂O)₆][SO₄]₂ · 6H₂O
Group 8 - Phosphates, Arsenates and Vanadates
ⓘ	Olivenite	8.BB.30	Cu₂(AsO₄)(OH)
ⓘ	Annabergite	8.CE.40	Ni₃(AsO₄)₂ · 8H₂O
ⓘ	Lavendulan	8.DG.05	NaCaCu₅(AsO₄)₄Cl · 5H₂O
ⓘ	Pharmacosiderite	8.DK.10	KFe³⁺₄(AsO₄)₃(OH)₄ · 6-7H₂O
Group 9 - Silicates
ⓘ	Chrysotile	9.00.	Mg₃(Si₂O₅)(OH)₄
ⓘ	Actinolite	9.DE.10	◻Ca₂(Mg_4.5-2.5Fe_0.5-2.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
ⓘ	Tremolite	9.DE.10	◻Ca₂Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
ⓘ	Talc	9.EC.05	Mg₃Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂
ⓘ	Népouite	9.ED.15	Ni₃Si₂O₅(OH)₄
ⓘ	Pecoraite	9.ED.15	Ni₃(Si₂O₅)(OH)₄
Unclassified
ⓘ	'Chlorite Group'	-
ⓘ	'Clay minerals'	-

List of minerals for each chemical element

H	Hydrogen
H	ⓘ Actinolite	◻Ca₂(Mg_4.5-2.5Fe_0.5-2.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Annabergite	Ni₃(AsO₄)₂ · 8H₂O
H	ⓘ Azurite	Cu₃(CO₃)₂(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Carrboydite	(Ni_1-xAl_x)(SO₄)_x/2(OH)₂ · nH₂O
H	ⓘ Chrysotile	Mg₃(Si₂O₅)(OH)₄
H	ⓘ Clinoatacamite	Cu₂(OH)₃Cl
H	ⓘ Glaukosphaerite	(Cu,Ni)₂(CO₃)(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Goethite	Fe³⁺O(OH)
H	ⓘ Gypsum	CaSO₄ · 2H₂O
H	ⓘ Hydrohonessite	(Ni_1-xFe_x³⁺)(OH)₂(SO₄)_x/2 · nH₂O
H	ⓘ Kambaldaite	NaNi₄(CO₃)₃(OH)₃ · 3H₂O
H	ⓘ Lavendulan	NaCaCu₅(AsO₄)₄Cl · 5H₂O
H	ⓘ Motukoreaite	Mg₆Al₃(OH)₁₈[Na(H₂O)₆][SO₄]₂ · 6H₂O
H	ⓘ Népouite	Ni₃Si₂O₅(OH)₄
H	ⓘ Nickelhexahydrite	Ni(SO₄) · 6H₂O
H	ⓘ Nullaginite	Ni₂(CO₃)(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Olivenite	Cu₂(AsO₄)(OH)
H	ⓘ Otwayite	Ni₂(CO₃)(OH)₂ · H₂O
H	ⓘ Paratacamite	Cu₃(Cu,Zn)(OH)₆Cl₂
H	ⓘ Pecoraite	Ni₃(Si₂O₅)(OH)₄
H	ⓘ Pharmacosiderite	KFe₄³⁺(AsO₄)₃(OH)₄ · 6-7H₂O
H	ⓘ Reevesite	Ni₆Fe₂³⁺(OH)₁₆(CO₃) · 4H₂O
H	ⓘ Retgersite	NiSO₄ · 6H₂O
H	ⓘ Takovite	Ni₆Al₂(OH)₁₆[CO₃] · 4H₂O
H	ⓘ Talc	Mg₃Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Tremolite	◻Ca₂Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Widgiemoolthalite	Ni₅(CO₃)₄(OH)₂ · 5H₂O
H	ⓘ Gillardite	Cu₃Ni(OH)₆Cl₂
C	Carbon
C	ⓘ Aragonite	CaCO₃
C	ⓘ Azurite	Cu₃(CO₃)₂(OH)₂
C	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
C	ⓘ Dolomite	CaMg(CO₃)₂
C	ⓘ Gaspéite	NiCO₃
C	ⓘ Glaukosphaerite	(Cu,Ni)₂(CO₃)(OH)₂
C	ⓘ Huntite	CaMg₃(CO₃)₄
C	ⓘ Kambaldaite	NaNi₄(CO₃)₃(OH)₃ · 3H₂O
C	ⓘ Magnesite	MgCO₃
C	ⓘ Nullaginite	Ni₂(CO₃)(OH)₂
C	ⓘ Otwayite	Ni₂(CO₃)(OH)₂ · H₂O
C	ⓘ Reevesite	Ni₆Fe₂³⁺(OH)₁₆(CO₃) · 4H₂O
C	ⓘ Siderite	FeCO₃
C	ⓘ Takovite	Ni₆Al₂(OH)₁₆[CO₃] · 4H₂O
C	ⓘ Widgiemoolthalite	Ni₅(CO₃)₄(OH)₂ · 5H₂O
C	ⓘ Magnesite var. Nickel-bearing Magnesite	(Mg,Ni)CO₃
O	Oxygen
O	ⓘ Actinolite	◻Ca₂(Mg_4.5-2.5Fe_0.5-2.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Annabergite	Ni₃(AsO₄)₂ · 8H₂O
O	ⓘ Aragonite	CaCO₃
O	ⓘ Azurite	Cu₃(CO₃)₂(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
O	ⓘ Carrboydite	(Ni_1-xAl_x)(SO₄)_x/2(OH)₂ · nH₂O
O	ⓘ Chrysotile	Mg₃(Si₂O₅)(OH)₄
O	ⓘ Chromite	Fe²⁺Cr₂³⁺O₄
O	ⓘ Clinoatacamite	Cu₂(OH)₃Cl
O	ⓘ Dolomite	CaMg(CO₃)₂
O	ⓘ Gaspéite	NiCO₃
O	ⓘ Glaukosphaerite	(Cu,Ni)₂(CO₃)(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Goethite	Fe³⁺O(OH)
O	ⓘ Gypsum	CaSO₄ · 2H₂O
O	ⓘ Hematite	Fe₂O₃
O	ⓘ Huntite	CaMg₃(CO₃)₄
O	ⓘ Hydrohonessite	(Ni_1-xFe_x³⁺)(OH)₂(SO₄)_x/2 · nH₂O
O	ⓘ Kambaldaite	NaNi₄(CO₃)₃(OH)₃ · 3H₂O
O	ⓘ Lavendulan	NaCaCu₅(AsO₄)₄Cl · 5H₂O
O	ⓘ Magnesite	MgCO₃
O	ⓘ Motukoreaite	Mg₆Al₃(OH)₁₈[Na(H₂O)₆][SO₄]₂ · 6H₂O
O	ⓘ Népouite	Ni₃Si₂O₅(OH)₄
O	ⓘ Nickelhexahydrite	Ni(SO₄) · 6H₂O
O	ⓘ Nullaginite	Ni₂(CO₃)(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Olivenite	Cu₂(AsO₄)(OH)
O	ⓘ Otwayite	Ni₂(CO₃)(OH)₂ · H₂O
O	ⓘ Paratacamite	Cu₃(Cu,Zn)(OH)₆Cl₂
O	ⓘ Pecoraite	Ni₃(Si₂O₅)(OH)₄
O	ⓘ Pharmacosiderite	KFe₄³⁺(AsO₄)₃(OH)₄ · 6-7H₂O
O	ⓘ Pyrolusite	Mn⁴⁺O₂
O	ⓘ Quartz	SiO₂
O	ⓘ Reevesite	Ni₆Fe₂³⁺(OH)₁₆(CO₃) · 4H₂O
O	ⓘ Retgersite	NiSO₄ · 6H₂O
O	ⓘ Siderite	FeCO₃
O	ⓘ Takovite	Ni₆Al₂(OH)₁₆[CO₃] · 4H₂O
O	ⓘ Talc	Mg₃Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Tremolite	◻Ca₂Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Widgiemoolthalite	Ni₅(CO₃)₄(OH)₂ · 5H₂O
O	ⓘ Magnesite var. Nickel-bearing Magnesite	(Mg,Ni)CO₃
O	ⓘ Gillardite	Cu₃Ni(OH)₆Cl₂
Na	Sodium
Na	ⓘ Kambaldaite	NaNi₄(CO₃)₃(OH)₃ · 3H₂O
Na	ⓘ Lavendulan	NaCaCu₅(AsO₄)₄Cl · 5H₂O
Na	ⓘ Motukoreaite	Mg₆Al₃(OH)₁₈[Na(H₂O)₆][SO₄]₂ · 6H₂O
Mg	Magnesium
Mg	ⓘ Actinolite	◻Ca₂(Mg_4.5-2.5Fe_0.5-2.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
Mg	ⓘ Chrysotile	Mg₃(Si₂O₅)(OH)₄
Mg	ⓘ Dolomite	CaMg(CO₃)₂
Mg	ⓘ Huntite	CaMg₃(CO₃)₄
Mg	ⓘ Magnesite	MgCO₃
Mg	ⓘ Motukoreaite	Mg₆Al₃(OH)₁₈[Na(H₂O)₆][SO₄]₂ · 6H₂O
Mg	ⓘ Talc	Mg₃Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂
Mg	ⓘ Tremolite	◻Ca₂Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
Mg	ⓘ Magnesite var. Nickel-bearing Magnesite	(Mg,Ni)CO₃
Al	Aluminium
Al	ⓘ Carrboydite	(Ni_1-xAl_x)(SO₄)_x/2(OH)₂ · nH₂O
Al	ⓘ Motukoreaite	Mg₆Al₃(OH)₁₈[Na(H₂O)₆][SO₄]₂ · 6H₂O
Al	ⓘ Takovite	Ni₆Al₂(OH)₁₆[CO₃] · 4H₂O
Si	Silicon
Si	ⓘ Actinolite	◻Ca₂(Mg_4.5-2.5Fe_0.5-2.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Chrysotile	Mg₃(Si₂O₅)(OH)₄
Si	ⓘ Népouite	Ni₃Si₂O₅(OH)₄
Si	ⓘ Pecoraite	Ni₃(Si₂O₅)(OH)₄
Si	ⓘ Quartz	SiO₂
Si	ⓘ Talc	Mg₃Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Tremolite	◻Ca₂Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
S	Sulfur
S	ⓘ Carrboydite	(Ni_1-xAl_x)(SO₄)_x/2(OH)₂ · nH₂O
S	ⓘ Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂
S	ⓘ Chalcocite	Cu₂S
S	ⓘ Covellite	CuS
S	ⓘ Gersdorffite	NiAsS
S	ⓘ Gypsum	CaSO₄ · 2H₂O
S	ⓘ Hydrohonessite	(Ni_1-xFe_x³⁺)(OH)₂(SO₄)_x/2 · nH₂O
S	ⓘ Marcasite	FeS₂
S	ⓘ Motukoreaite	Mg₆Al₃(OH)₁₈[Na(H₂O)₆][SO₄]₂ · 6H₂O
S	ⓘ Nickelhexahydrite	Ni(SO₄) · 6H₂O
S	ⓘ Pentlandite	(Ni_xFe_y)_Σ9S₈
S	ⓘ Pyrite	FeS₂
S	ⓘ Pyrrhotite	Fe_1-xS
S	ⓘ Retgersite	NiSO₄ · 6H₂O
S	ⓘ Smythite	(Fe,Ni)_3+xS₄ (x=0-0.3)
S	ⓘ Violarite	Fe²⁺Ni₂³⁺S₄
Cl	Chlorine
Cl	ⓘ Clinoatacamite	Cu₂(OH)₃Cl
Cl	ⓘ Lavendulan	NaCaCu₅(AsO₄)₄Cl · 5H₂O
Cl	ⓘ Paratacamite	Cu₃(Cu,Zn)(OH)₆Cl₂
Cl	ⓘ Gillardite	Cu₃Ni(OH)₆Cl₂
K	Potassium
K	ⓘ Pharmacosiderite	KFe₄³⁺(AsO₄)₃(OH)₄ · 6-7H₂O
Ca	Calcium
Ca	ⓘ Actinolite	◻Ca₂(Mg_4.5-2.5Fe_0.5-2.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
Ca	ⓘ Aragonite	CaCO₃
Ca	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
Ca	ⓘ Dolomite	CaMg(CO₃)₂
Ca	ⓘ Gypsum	CaSO₄ · 2H₂O
Ca	ⓘ Huntite	CaMg₃(CO₃)₄
Ca	ⓘ Lavendulan	NaCaCu₅(AsO₄)₄Cl · 5H₂O
Ca	ⓘ Tremolite	◻Ca₂Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
Cr	Chromium
Cr	ⓘ Chromite	Fe²⁺Cr₂³⁺O₄
Mn	Manganese
Mn	ⓘ Pyrolusite	Mn⁴⁺O₂
Fe	Iron
Fe	ⓘ Actinolite	◻Ca₂(Mg_4.5-2.5Fe_0.5-2.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
Fe	ⓘ Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂
Fe	ⓘ Chromite	Fe²⁺Cr₂³⁺O₄
Fe	ⓘ Goethite	Fe³⁺O(OH)
Fe	ⓘ Hematite	Fe₂O₃
Fe	ⓘ Hydrohonessite	(Ni_1-xFe_x³⁺)(OH)₂(SO₄)_x/2 · nH₂O
Fe	ⓘ Marcasite	FeS₂
Fe	ⓘ Pentlandite	(Ni_xFe_y)_Σ9S₈
Fe	ⓘ Pharmacosiderite	KFe₄³⁺(AsO₄)₃(OH)₄ · 6-7H₂O
Fe	ⓘ Pyrite	FeS₂
Fe	ⓘ Pyrrhotite	Fe_1-xS
Fe	ⓘ Reevesite	Ni₆Fe₂³⁺(OH)₁₆(CO₃) · 4H₂O
Fe	ⓘ Siderite	FeCO₃
Fe	ⓘ Smythite	(Fe,Ni)_3+xS₄ (x=0-0.3)
Fe	ⓘ Violarite	Fe²⁺Ni₂³⁺S₄
Ni	Nickel
Ni	ⓘ Annabergite	Ni₃(AsO₄)₂ · 8H₂O
Ni	ⓘ Carrboydite	(Ni_1-xAl_x)(SO₄)_x/2(OH)₂ · nH₂O
Ni	ⓘ Gaspéite	NiCO₃
Ni	ⓘ Gersdorffite	NiAsS
Ni	ⓘ Glaukosphaerite	(Cu,Ni)₂(CO₃)(OH)₂
Ni	ⓘ Hydrohonessite	(Ni_1-xFe_x³⁺)(OH)₂(SO₄)_x/2 · nH₂O
Ni	ⓘ Kambaldaite	NaNi₄(CO₃)₃(OH)₃ · 3H₂O
Ni	ⓘ Népouite	Ni₃Si₂O₅(OH)₄
Ni	ⓘ Nickelhexahydrite	Ni(SO₄) · 6H₂O
Ni	ⓘ Nickeline	NiAs
Ni	ⓘ Nullaginite	Ni₂(CO₃)(OH)₂
Ni	ⓘ Otwayite	Ni₂(CO₃)(OH)₂ · H₂O
Ni	ⓘ Pecoraite	Ni₃(Si₂O₅)(OH)₄
Ni	ⓘ Pentlandite	(Ni_xFe_y)_Σ9S₈
Ni	ⓘ Reevesite	Ni₆Fe₂³⁺(OH)₁₆(CO₃) · 4H₂O
Ni	ⓘ Retgersite	NiSO₄ · 6H₂O
Ni	ⓘ Smythite	(Fe,Ni)_3+xS₄ (x=0-0.3)
Ni	ⓘ Takovite	Ni₆Al₂(OH)₁₆[CO₃] · 4H₂O
Ni	ⓘ Violarite	Fe²⁺Ni₂³⁺S₄
Ni	ⓘ Widgiemoolthalite	Ni₅(CO₃)₄(OH)₂ · 5H₂O
Ni	ⓘ Magnesite var. Nickel-bearing Magnesite	(Mg,Ni)CO₃
Ni	ⓘ Gillardite	Cu₃Ni(OH)₆Cl₂
Cu	Copper
Cu	ⓘ Azurite	Cu₃(CO₃)₂(OH)₂
Cu	ⓘ Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂
Cu	ⓘ Chalcocite	Cu₂S
Cu	ⓘ Clinoatacamite	Cu₂(OH)₃Cl
Cu	ⓘ Covellite	CuS
Cu	ⓘ Glaukosphaerite	(Cu,Ni)₂(CO₃)(OH)₂
Cu	ⓘ Lavendulan	NaCaCu₅(AsO₄)₄Cl · 5H₂O
Cu	ⓘ Olivenite	Cu₂(AsO₄)(OH)
Cu	ⓘ Paratacamite	Cu₃(Cu,Zn)(OH)₆Cl₂
Cu	ⓘ Gillardite	Cu₃Ni(OH)₆Cl₂
Zn	Zinc
Zn	ⓘ Paratacamite	Cu₃(Cu,Zn)(OH)₆Cl₂
As	Arsenic
As	ⓘ Annabergite	Ni₃(AsO₄)₂ · 8H₂O
As	ⓘ Gersdorffite	NiAsS
As	ⓘ Lavendulan	NaCaCu₅(AsO₄)₄Cl · 5H₂O
As	ⓘ Nickeline	NiAs
As	ⓘ Olivenite	Cu₂(AsO₄)(OH)
As	ⓘ Pharmacosiderite	KFe₄³⁺(AsO₄)₃(OH)₄ · 6-7H₂O

Other Databases

Link to USGS MRDS:	10231576

Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality

Australia

Western Australia
- Kambalda Nickel Metallogenic ProvinceGeologic Province
- West Australian ElementCraton
- Yilgarn CratonCraton

Australian PlateTectonic Plate

West Australian Craton
- Eastern Yilgarn CratonCraton

This page contains all mineral locality references listed on mindat.org. This does not claim to be a complete list. If you know of more minerals from this site, please register so you can add to our database. This locality information is for reference purposes only. You should never attempt to visit any sites listed in mindat.org without first ensuring that you have the permission of the land and/or mineral rights holders for access and that you are aware of all safety precautions necessary.

References

Griffin, T.J. (1990) Geology of the granite-greenstone terrane of the Lake Geffroy and Cowan 1:100 000 sheets, Western Australia. Geological Survey of Western Australia Report 32, 63 pages: 29, 31 (as "Mount Edwards mine"). https://library.dbca.wa.gov.au/static/Journals/080325/080325-32.pdf

Clarke, J.D.A. (1991) The geology of the 132N nickel deposit. Technical Report 198 (unpublished), 26 pages. Western Mining Corporation Limited, Kambalda Nickel Operations.

Nickel, Ernest H., Robinson, Bruce W., Mumme, William G. (1993) Widgiemoolthalite: The new Ni analogue of hydromagnesite from Western Australia. American Mineralogist, 78 (7-8) 819-821

Nickel, Ernest H., Gartrell, Blair J., Clout, John F.M. (1994) Secondary Nickel Minerals from Widgiemooltha, Western Australia. The Mineralogical Record, 25 (4) 283-302

Clissold, M. E., Leverett, P., Williams, P. A., Hibbs, D. E., Nickel, E. H. (2007) The structure of gillardite, the Ni-analog of herbertsmithite, from Widgiemooltha, Western Australia. The Canadian Mineralogist, 45 (2). 317-320 doi:10.2113/gscanmin.45.2.317

Fetherston, J. Michael, Stocklmayer, Susan M., Stocklmayer, Vernon C., Fetherston, J.M., Stocklmayer, S.M., Stocklmayer, V.C. (2013) Gemstones of Western Australia. Mineral Resources Bulletin 25 (1st ed.). Geological Survey of Western Australia

www.mineralienatlas.de (2014) https://www.mineralienatlas.de/lexikon/index.php/Australien/Western%20Australia/Widgiemooltha/132%20North%20Mine

en.wikipedia.org (2016) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Widgiemooltha_Komatiite#132_North

(2019)

thediggings.com (n.d.) https://thediggings.com/mines/usgs10231576

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