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Aikinite

A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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04519780017271920755963.jpg
Aikinite

Berezovsk deposit, Beryozovsky, Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia
09099170017271920785423.jpg
Aikinite

Barbora adit, Knöttel area, Krupka, Teplice District, Ústí nad Labem Region, Czech Republic
06765600017271920821094.jpg
Aikinite

Berezovsk deposit, Beryozovsky, Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia
04519780017271920755963.jpg
Aikinite

Berezovsk deposit, Beryozovsky, Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia
09099170017271920785423.jpg
Aikinite

Barbora adit, Knöttel area, Krupka, Teplice District, Ústí nad Labem Region, Czech Republic
06765600017271920821094.jpg
Aikinite

Berezovsk deposit, Beryozovsky, Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia
04519780017271920755963.jpg
Aikinite

Berezovsk deposit, Beryozovsky, Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia
09099170017271920785423.jpg
Aikinite

Barbora adit, Knöttel area, Krupka, Teplice District, Ústí nad Labem Region, Czech Republic
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About AikiniteHide

00373070017271920871538.jpg
Arthur Aikin
Formula:
CuPbBiS3
Colour:
Blackish lead-grey
Lustre:
Metallic
Hardness:
2 - 2½
Specific Gravity:
7.06 - 7.08
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Name:
Named by E.J. Chapman in 1843 in honor of Dr. Arthur Aikin (19 May 1773, Warrington, Lancashire, England – 15 April 1854, Hoxton, London, England), chemist. Aikin was a founder, and for many years Secretary, of the Geological Society of London. He also authored a 'Manual of Mineralogy'.

Various other names were used for the mineral in early literature. Mohs (1804) used nadelerz, Hauy (1809) referred to it simply as bismuth sulfuré plumbo-cuprifère. The name patrinite was used by Haidinger (1845), belonite was used by Glocker (1847), and aciculite was used by Nicol (1849).
Aikinite-Bismuthinite Series.

Compare součekite, bournonite-type CuPbBi(S,Se)3.


Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:
63
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:63:1

Similar NamesHide

AcaniteA synonym of 'Askanite'
AcniteA synonym of Aegirine
Aikinite (of Lévy)
Alkinite
AuganiteA synonym of 'Augite andesite'
YukoniteA valid IMA mineral species - grandfatheredCa3Fe3+(AsO4)2(OH)3 · 5H2O

IMA Classification of AikiniteHide

IMA status:
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)

Classification of AikiniteHide

Strunz-mindat (2026):
2.HB.05a

2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
H : Sulfosalts of SnS archetype
B : With Cu, Ag, Fe, Sn and Pb
Dana 7th ed.:
3.4.5.1
Dana 8th ed.:
3.4.5.1

3 : SULFOSALTS
4 : ø = 3
Hey's CIM Ref.:
5.7.9

5 : Sulphosalts - Sulpharsenites and Sulphobismuthites (those containing Sn, Ge,or V are in Section 6)
7 : Sulpharsenites etc. of Pb and other metals

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.

SymbolSourceReference for Standard
AikIMA–CNMNCWarr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43
AikThe Canadian Mineralogist (2019)The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) The Canadian Mineralogist list of symbols for rock- and ore-forming minerals (December 30, 2019). download

Physical Properties of AikiniteHide

Lustre:
Metallic
Transparency:
Opaque
Colour:
Blackish lead-grey
Comment:
Tarnishes brown or copper red; sometimes has yellowish green coating. Cream-white in polished section.
Streak:
Grey-black
Hardness:
2 - 2½ on Mohs scale
Cleavage:
Poor/Indistinct
on {010}
Fracture:
Irregular/Uneven
Density:
7.06 - 7.08 g/cm3 (Measured)    7.255 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of AikiniteHide

Anisotropism:
Distinct
Reflectivity:
WavelengthR1 (%)R2 (%)
400nm39.1% 43.5%
420nm39.2% 44.0%
440nm39.3% 44.5%
460nm39.4% 44.9%
480nm39.4% 45.3%
500nm39.5% 45.7%
520nm39.4% 46.0%
540nm39.3% 46.2%
560nm39.2% 46.4%
580nm39.0% 46.3%
600nm38.9% 46.1%
620nm38.9% 45.8%
640nm38.6% 45.4%
660nm38.3% 44.9%
680nm38.1% 44.4%
700nm37.9% 43.9%


Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Peak reflectance is 46.4%.
R1 shown in black, R2 shown in red
Colour in reflected light:
Cream-white
Pleochroism:
Visible
Comments:
Parallel [001] cream-white perpendicular [001] either pure white or light brown.

Chemistry of AikiniteHide

Mindat Formula:
CuPbBiS3
Element Weights:
Element% weight
Bi36.286 %
Pb35.977 %
S16.703 %
Cu11.034 %

Calculated from ideal end-member formula.
Elements listed:
Bi, Cu, Pb, S - search for minerals with similar chemistry

Crystallography of AikiniteHide

Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Class (H-M):
mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) - Dipyramidal
Space Group:
Pnma
Cell Parameters:
a = 11.638(3) Å, b = 4.039(1) Å, c = 11.319(2) Å
Ratio:
a:b:c = 2.881 : 1 : 2.802
Unit Cell V:
532.06 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4
Morphology:
Prismatic to acicular and striated [001] to 1 m, striated parallel [001] , rarely radiating; also massive.

Crystal StructureHide

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IDSpeciesReferenceLinkYearLocalityPressure (GPa)Temp (K)
0010716AikiniteOhmasa M, Nowacki W (1970) A redetermination of the crystal structure of aikinite [BiS2|S|CuIVPbVII] Zeitschrift fur Kristallographie 132 71-86Image1970Beresowsk, Ural0293
0009395AikiniteKohatsu I, Wuensch B J (1971) The crystal structure of aikinite, PbCuBiS3 Acta Crystallographica B27 1245-1252Image19710293
CIF Raw Data - click here to close

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
3.671 Å(100)
3.615 Å(69)
3.592 Å(96)
3.183 Å(84)
3.166 Å(80)
2.863 Å(83)
2.589 Å(50)
Comments:
Beresovsk, Russia (ICDD 47-1736).

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic ModeEarliest Age (Ga)
High-? alteration and/or metamorphism
33 : Minerals deposited by hydrothermal metal-rich fluids (see also [#12])
Geological Setting:
In hydrothermal veins.

Type Occurrence of AikiniteHide

Synonyms of AikiniteHide

Other Language Names for AikiniteHide

Varieties of AikiniteHide

ArgentoaikiniteUnnecessary name for a silver-bearing aikinite. Assignment to aikinite appears doubtful.

Relationship of Aikinite to other SpeciesHide

Common AssociatesHide

Associations Based on Photo Data:
58 photos of Aikinite associated with QuartzSiO2
17 photos of Aikinite associated with CovelliteCuS
15 photos of Aikinite associated with Native GoldAu
9 photos of Aikinite associated with BismuthiniteBi2S3
7 photos of Aikinite associated with ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
6 photos of Aikinite associated with PavoniteAgBi3S5
6 photos of Aikinite associated with AnkeriteCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
5 photos of Aikinite associated with SideriteFeCO3
4 photos of Aikinite associated with NuffielditeCu1.4Pb2.4Bi2.4Sb0.2S7
4 photos of Aikinite associated with GalenaPbS

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

2.HB.BarikaiteAg3Pb10(Sb8As11)S40Mon. 2/m : P21/b
2.HB.Carducciite(Ag2Sb2)Pb12(As,Sb)16S40Mon. 2/m : P21/b
2.HB.SardashtiteAg9Cu2.5Pb41Sb36.5As7S112Mon. 2/m
2.HB.InterliveingiteAgPb18As25S56Mon. 2 : P21
2.HB.ReckibachiteAg2Pb12As14Sb4S40Mon. 2/m : P21/b
2.HB.05aSalzburgitePb1.6Cu1.6Bi6.4S12Orth. mm2 : Pmc21
2.HB.05aHammariteCu2Pb2Bi4S9Orth.
2.HB.05cJaskólskiiteCuxPb2+x(Sb,Bi)2-xS5 (x ~ 0.15)Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m)
2.HB.05'UM1990-54-Se:BiCuPb'CuPb(Ni,Co)0.3Bi3Se6
2.HB.05aPekoitePbCuBi11S18Orth. mm2
2.HB.05aFriedrichitePb5Cu5Bi7S18Orth. mm2
2.HB.05bMeneghinitePb13CuSb7S24Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m)
2.HB.05aPaaritePb1.7Cu1.7Bi6.3S12Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbcn
2.HB.05aLindströmitePb3Cu3Bi7S15Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m)
2.HB.05aEmilitePb2.7Cu2.7Bi5.3S12Orth. mm2 : Pmc21
2.HB.05aGladitePbCuBi5S9Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m)
2.HB.05aKrupkaitePbCuBi3S6Orth. mm2
2.HB.05'UM2000-46-S:BiCuPb'Cu0.33Pb0.33Bi7.67S12
2.HB.10bIzoklakeitePb27(Cu,Fe,Ag)2(Sb,Bi)19S57Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnnm
2.HB.10cEclarite(Cu,Fe)Pb9Bi12S28Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma
2.HB.10aTintinaitePb22Cu4(Sb,Bi)30S69Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnnm
2.HB.10bGiessenitePb27Cu2(Bi,Sb)19S57Mon. 2/m
2.HB.10aKobellitePb22Cu4(Bi,Sb)30S69Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnnm
2.HB.15JamesonitePb4FeSb6S14Mon. 2/m : P21/b
2.HB.15BenavidesitePb4MnSb6S14Mon. 2/m : P21/b
2.HB.20aNagyágite[Pb3(Pb,Sb)3S6](Au,Te)3Mon. 2/m : P21/m
2.HB.20bBuckhorniteAuPb2BiTe2S3Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pmmm
2.HB.20eLuxembourgiteAgCuPbBi4Se8Mon. 2/m : P21/m
2.HB.20bJaszczakite[Bi3S3][AuS2]Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pmmn
2.HB.20dBerryiteCu3Ag2Pb3Bi7S16Mon. 2/m : P21/m
2.HB.20eWatkinsoniteCu2PbBi4(Se,S,Te)8Mon. 2/m : P21/m
2.HB.20cMuseumite[Pb2(Pb,Sb)2S8][(Te,Au)2]Mon. 2
2.HB.20eLitochlebiteAg2PbBi4Se8Mon. 2/m : P21/m
2.HB.25Meerschautite(Ag,Cu)6Pb43-2xSb44+2xS112Ox (x ~0.5)Mon. 2 : P21

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for AikiniteHide

References for AikiniteHide

Reference List:
Mohs (1804): 3: 726. (as nadelerz)
Hauy (1809): 105. (as bismuth sulfuré plumbo-cuprifère)
Chapman, E.J. (1843) Aikenite. in Practical Mineralogy, Hippolyte Bailliere, Publisher (London), 127.
Haidinger (1845): 568. (as patrinite)
Glocker (1847): 27. (as belonite)
Nicol (1849) 487. (as aciculite)
Palache, Charles, Berman, Harry, Frondel, Clifford (1944) The System of Mineralogy (7th ed.) Vol. 1 - Elements, Sulfides, Sulfosalts, Oxides. John Wiley and Sons, New York.pp.412-413
Wickman, Frans E. (1954) The crystal structure of aikinite, CuPbBiS3. Arkiv för Mineralogi och Geologi, 1 (5-6). 501-507
Ramdohr, Paul (1969) The Ore Minerals and their Intergrowths. Pergamon Press, Oxford. 1174pp. doi:10.1016/c2013-0-10027-x
Ohmasa, M., Nowacki, W. (1970) Note on the space group and on the structure of aikinite derivatives. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Monatshefte 1970: 158-162.
Ohmasa, Masaaki, Nowacki, Werner (1970) A redetermination of the crystal structure of aikinite [BiS2|S|CuIVPbVII]. Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, 132 (1). 71-86 doi:10.1524/zkri.1970.132.1-6.71
Kohatsu, I., Wuensch, B. J. (1971) The crystal structure of aikinite, PbCuBiS3. Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Crystallography and Crystal Chemistry, 27 (6) 1245-1252 doi:10.1107/s0567740871003819
Mumme, William G., Welin, Eric, Weunsch, B. J. (1976) Crystal chemistry and proposed nomenclature for sulfosalts intermediate in the system bismuthinite-aikinite (Bi2S3-CuPbBiS3). American Mineralogist, 61 (1-2). 15-20
Pring, Allan (1989) Structural disorder in aikinite and krupkaite. American Mineralogist, 74 (1-2) 250-255
Berlepsch, P., Makovicky, E., Balić-Žunić, T. (2001) Crystal chemistry of meneghinite homologues and related sulfosalts. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie - Monatshefte, 2001. 115-135
Topa, Dan, Makovicky, Emil, Paar, Werner H. (2002) Composition ranges and exsolution pairs for the members of the bismuthinite-aikinite series from Felbertal, Austria. The Canadian Mineralogist, 40 (3) 849-869 doi:10.2113/gscanmin.40.3.849
(2005) Aikinite. Handbook of Mineralogy. Mineralogical Society of America
Petříček, V., Makovicky, E. (2006) Interpretation of selected structures of the bismuthinite-aikinite series as commensurately modulated structures. The Canadian Mineralogist, 44 (1). 189-206 doi:10.2113/gscanmin.44.1.189

Localities for AikiniteHide

Showing 457 localities.

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the Image symbol to view information about a locality. The Image symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
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Locality ListHide

Image - This locality has map coordinates listed. Image - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. Image - Good crystals or important locality for species. Image - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Argentina
 
  • Catamarca Province
    • Andalgalá Department
      • Andalgalá
FRANCHINI (27º26'S-66º16'O)
        • Capillitas mining district
PUTZ +1 other reference
PUTZ +1 other reference
        • Cerro Atajo
Marquez-Zavalia et al. (2007)
  • Chubut Province
    • Gastre Department
Brodtkorb (2002) +1 other reference
Topa et al. (2004) +3 other references
  • La Rioja Province
De Brodtkorb (2009)
  • Río Negro Province
    • Valcheta Department
      • San Martin pluton
GOZALVEZ +2 other references
  • Salta Province
    • Los Andes department
      • San Antonio de los Cobres
        • Organullo mining district
Brodtkorb (2002) +2 other references
  • San Juan Province
    • Calingasta Department
      • Calingasta
Testa et al. (2018)
    • Caucete Department
      • La Huerta Range
        • Marayes mining district
February 2009 +3 other references
Armenia
 
  • Kotayk Province
    • Hrazdan
      • Megradzor
Kovalenker et al. (1991) +1 other reference
Australia
 
  • Australian Capital Territory
    • Paddy's River District
Prof Ken McQueen presentation to New ...
  • New South Wales
    • Buller Co.
      • Drake district
Quan et al. (2025)
  • Northern Territory
    • Barkly Region
      • Tennant Creek
Simon et al. (1997)
    • Coomalie Shire
      • Rum Jungle
Fraser W J
  • Queensland
    • Charters Towers Region
Wormald (1993) +1 other reference
    • Mareeba Shire
Nethery et al. (1998)
  • South Australia
    • Light Regional Council
      • Kapunda
SA Geodata Database - Mineral Deposit ...
    • Pastoral Unincorporated Area
      • Pernatty
        • Pernatty Lagoon
Annells (1986)
      • Warnes
Hong et al. (2023)
    • Yorke Peninsula Council
portergeo.com.au (2016)
      • Pine Point
SA Geodata Database - Mineral Deposit ... +1 other reference
  • Tasmania
    • Burnie City
      • Hampshire mining district
        • Kara Mines
Whitehead +2 other references
    • West Coast municipality
      • Queenstown district
        • Queenstown
Ralph Bottrill et al in prep. +1 other reference
Bottrill et al. (2008)
      • Rosebery district
Hall (1990)
        • Rosebery
Hall (1990) +1 other reference
      • Zeehan mining district
        • North Dundas
Bottrill et al. (2008)
  • Victoria
    • Mount Alexander Shire
Ciobanu et al. (2010)
  • Western Australia
    • Coolgardie Shire
      • Kambalda
        • Kambalda Nickel mines
Simon (2019)
Simon (2019)
Simon (2019)
        • St. Ives gold camp
Xue et al. (2014)
    • Cue Shire
      • Quinns gold area
Hassan (2017)
    • Kalgoorlie-Boulder Shire
      • Kalgoorlie-Boulder
Mueller +3 other references
    • Leonora Shire
      • Ten Mile Outcamp
Ferguson (1999)
Austria
 
  • Carinthia
    • Spittal an der Drau District
      • Flattach
        • Innerfragant
Cook et al. (2007)
        • Wurten
Paar et al. (1998)
      • Großkirchheim
        • Zirknitz
          • Kleine Zirknitz valley
            • Kluidscharte
Paar et al. (1982) +1 other reference
  • Lower Austria
    • Horn District
      • Geras
        • Kottaun
Kolitsch et al. (2013)
    • Neunkirchen District
      • Gloggnitz
Kolitsch et al. (2017)
  • Salzburg
    • St. Johann im Pongau District
      • Bad Gastein
        • Naßfeld valley
          • Sportgastein
Kolitsch (2009)
    • Tamsweg District
      • Muhr
        • Rotgülden
          • Lower Rotgülden lake
Paar et al. (1993)
    • Zell am See District
      • Mittersill
        • Mittersill Scheelite deposit
Kolitsch (2010)
  • Styria
    • Bruck-Mürzzuschlag District
      • Spital am Semmering
        • Steinhaus am Semmering
Tufar (1965)
  • Vorarlberg
    • Bludenz District
Bechter (2010) +1 other reference
      • Silbertal
Bechter (2010)
Krause et al. (2025) +1 other reference
Bolivia
 
  • La Paz
    • Aroma Province
      • Sica Sica Municipality
USGS Bulletin # 1975 +1 other reference
  • Potosí
    • Sud Chichas Province
      • Atocha Municipality
        • Cerro Chorolque
Salomon Rivas y Federico Ahlfeld (1998)
        • San Vicente mining district
Salomon Rivas y Federico Ahlfeld (1998)
    • Sud Lípez Province
      • Cerro Bonete
Federico Ahlfeld and Jorge Muñoz Reyes (1955)
USGS Bulletin # 1975
      • San Antonio de Lípez
Geology and Mineral Resources of the Altiplano and Cordillera Occidental (USGS Bulletin no. 1975)
Brazil
 
  • Paraíba
    • Vieirópolis
      • Vieirópolis pegmatite field
e Souza et al. (2020)
  • Paraná
    • Campo Largo
      • São João do Povinho
Dressel et al. (2022)
Bulgaria
 
  • Burgas Province
    • Burgas Municipality
      • Burgas
Cook et al. (2002) +1 other reference
    • Malko Tarnovo Municipality
Cook et al. (2002)
    • Sozopol Municipality
Todorov (1990)
      • Zidarovo
Cook et al. (2002)
  • Haskovo Province
    • Ivaylovgrad Municipality
      • Ivaylovgrad
Kerestedjian (1997)
  • Pazardzhik Province
    • Panagyurishte Municipality
      • Elshitsa
Bogdanov et al. (1997) +2 other references
Singer et al. (2008)
      • Levski
Cook et al. (2002) +2 other references
      • Panagyurishte
Strashimirov et al. (2002) +3 other references
Cook et al. (2002)
      • Popintsi
Cook et al. (2002) +1 other reference
  • Plovdiv Province
    • Laki Municipality
      • Laki
Dobrev
Dobrev
  • Smolyan Province
[MinRec 22 p.439]
    • Zlatograd Municipality
Bonev (1993)
  • Sofia Province
    • Chelopech Municipality
Cook et al. (2002) +1 other reference
Lips (2006)
    • Etropole Municipality
Bogdanov et al. (2005)
www.bgd.bg (n.d.) +1 other reference
  • Yambol Province
    • Tundzha Municipality
      • Bakadzhik Hills
Cook et al. (2002)
Canada
 
  • British Columbia
    • Cariboo Mining Division
      • Williams Lake
Soregaroli (1968)
    • Omineca Mining Division
Montgomery (n.d.)
      • Owen Lake
Hood et al. (1991)
    • Skeena Mining Division
      • Alice Arm
        • Kitsault
          • Patsy Creek
Anthony et al. (1990)
  • Manitoba
    • Lac-du-Bonnet area
      • Bernic Lake
Harris et al. (1975)
  • New Brunswick
    • Charlotte Co.
      • Saint George Parish
Adex Mining
    • Restigouche Co.
      • Colborne Parish
Jambor (1982)
  • Northwest Territories
    • Great Slave Lake
      • East Arm area
Badham et al. (1980)
Badham et al. (1980)
    • North Slave Region
      • Great Bear Lake
Somarin et al. (2022)
  • Ontario
    • Greater Sudbury
      • Levack Township
Vale SA
    • Timiskaming District
      • Cobalt-Gowganda region
        • Cobalt area
          • Bucke Township
Traill (1970)
          • Coleman Township
Traill (1983)
  • Québec
    • Nord-du-Québec
      • Jamésie
        • Baie-James
          • Otish Mountains
Johan et al. (1987)
China
 
  • Fujian
    • Longyan
      • Shanghang Co.
        • Zijinshan ore field
Long et al. (2025)
Long et al. (2025)
      • Wuping Co.
        • Zijinshan ore field
Dianfen Chen et al. (1998)
    • Nanping
      • Zhenghe County
Fan et al. (2026)
  • Guangdong
    • Shanwei
      • Lufeng Co.
Xuehui Xia et al. (1996) +2 other references
  • Hebei
    • Qinhuangdao
      • Qinglong County
Zhenkuan Luo et al. (1990) +1 other reference
  • Henan
    • Luoyang
      • Song County
        • Qiyugou ore field
Wang et al. (2024)
Zhenkuan Luo et al. (1988) +1 other reference
    • Sanmenxia
      • Lingbao City
Jian et al. (2015) +2 other references
        • Qinling Mine
Jian et al. (2014)
        • Xiaoqinling mining district
Liu et al. (2019)
Shuzhang Tian et al. (1993)
  • Hubei
    • Huangshi
      • Daye Co.
        • Edong Mining District
Jingqu Yao (1981) +1 other reference
      • Yangxin Co.
Han et al. (2020)
Han et al. (2020)
Jiang et al. (2025)
        • Jiurui Mining District
Guo et al. (2023)
  • Hunan
    • Chenzhou
      • Yizhang Co.
        • Dongpo ore field
Yihong Sun and Xiangmei Ren (1986) +1 other reference
    • Hengyang
      • Changning Co.
        • Shuikoushan ore field
Weining Zhou (1994) +1 other reference
    • Huaihua
      • Tongdao Co.
Song et al. (2025)
  • Inner Mongolia
    • Chifeng City (Ulanhad League; Chifeng Prefecture)
      • Songshan District
        • Honghuagou gold field
Xiyuan Ren et al. (1990) +1 other reference
    • Hulunbuir City (Hulunbei'er Prefecture)
      • Ergun City (E'erguna Co.)
张中俭 et al. (2017)
  • Jiangsu
    • Nanjing
      • Jiangning District
Xiang-Ping et al. (2001)
  • Jiangxi
    • Ganzhou
      • Yudu Co.
        • Yinkeng polymetallic ore field
Yue et al. (2024) +2 other references
    • Jiujiang
      • Jiujiang Co.
Guo et al. (2023)
    • Shangrao
      • Dexing Co.
Zongyao et al. (2005) +1 other reference
  • Jilin
    • Jilin
      • Huadian City
        • Jiapigou ore field
          • Jiapigou auriferous greenstone belt
Zhenkuan Luo et al. (1992)
      • Panshi City
Li et al. (2026)
  • Qinghai
    • Haibei Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture
      • Qilian Co.
        • Guomisi-Gadaban ore field
Kai Zhang and Yongdong Shi (2000)
    • Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture
      • Zadoi Co. (Zaduo Co.)
Tang et al. (2025)
  • Shaanxi
    • Weinan
      • Tongguan County
Enkui Cao (1991)
  • Shandong
    • Rizhao
      • Wulian Co.
        • Qibaoshan
Jian Zhang (1987) +1 other reference
    • Weihai
      • Rushan Co.
Zhenkuan Luo et al. (1992)
    • Yantai
      • Zhaoyuan City
Wei et al. (2022)
  • Shanxi
    • Datong
      • Lingqiu County
Zhaolong Li and Lianying Zhang (1999) +1 other reference
    • Xinzhou
      • Fanshi Co.
Zhenkuan Luo et al. (1992)
  • Tibet
    • Lhasa
      • Maizhokunggar Co. (Mozhugongka Co.)
Lijuan Ying et al. (2010) +2 other references
Xu et al. (2024)
    • Xigazê Prefecture (Rikaze Prefecture; Shigatse Prefecture)
      • Namling Co. (Nanmulin Co.)
Li et al. (2019) +2 other references
  • Xinjiang
    • Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture
      • Xinyuan Co. (Künes Co.)
Gao et al. (2024)
  • Yunnan
    • Chuxiong
      • Yao'an County
Zhou et al. (2018)
Czech Republic
 
  • Karlovy Vary Region
    • Karlovy Vary District
      • Abertamy
        • Hřebečná
Sejkora et al. (2021) +1 other reference
      • Jáchymov
Ondruš et al. (2003)
Ondruš et al. (2003)
  • Ústí nad Labem Region
    • Chomutov District
      • Vejprty
Pauliš et al. (2020)
    • Teplice District
      • Krupka
        • Knöttel area
Sejkora (1998)
Sejkora (1998)
Sejkora (1998)
      • Moldava
Sejkora et al. (2015)
DR Congo
 
  • Haut-Katanga
    • Kipushi Territory
      • Kipushi
Deliens (1996)
Egypt
 
  • Red Sea Governorate
Helmy
Europe
 
ATANASSOVA +1 other reference
France
 
  • Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes
    • Isère
      • Grenoble
        • Villard-Notre-Dame
Bariand et al. (n.d.)
    • Puy-de-Dôme
      • Thiers
        • Ris
  • Bourgogne-Franche-Comté
    • Saône-et-Loire
      • Charolles
        • Chalmoux
Cesbron et al. (1985) +1 other reference
  • Brittany
    • Côtes-d'Armor
      • Saint-Brieuc
        • Saint-Gildas
Chauris (2014)
    • Morbihan
      • Pontivy
        • Berné
R. Pierrot
        • Guern
R. Pierrot
  • Grand Est
    • Haut-Rhin
      • Colmar-Ribeauvillé
        • Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines
Bari (1982)
            • Sankt Jakob vein
Wittern +1 other reference
This mine worked the same vein as Gabe ... +2 other references
            • Sankt Johann vein
Ruhlmann (1978)
      • Thann-Guebwiller
        • Rimbach-près-Masevaux
Wittern et al. (1997)
    • Vosges
      • Épinal
        • Bussang
Fluck et al. (1992, December)
  • New Caledonia
    • Northern Province
      • Poum
Cassian (2007)
  • Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
    • Alpes-Maritimes
      • Nice Arrondissement
        • Tende
R. Pierrot
Picot et al. (1982)
    • Hautes-Alpes
      • Briançon
        • Villar-d'Arêne
R. Pierrot
Georgia
 
  • Kvemo Kartli
    • Bolnisi District
Ramaz Migineishvili (2005)
Germany
 
  • Baden-Württemberg
    • Freiburg Region
      • Ortenaukreis
        • Haslach im Kinzigtal
          • Haslach im Kinzigtal
Walenta (1992) +1 other reference
        • Wolfach
          • Reutherberg
Walenta (1992) +1 other reference
      • Rottweil
        • Schenkenzell
          • Wittichen
            • Böckelsbach valley
- (n.d.)
            • Burgfelsen
            • Gallenbach valley
Walenta (1992) +1 other reference
    • Karlsruhe Region
      • Freudenstadt
        • Bad Rippoldsau-Schapbach
Walenta (1992) +1 other reference
      • Rhein-Neckar-Kreis
        • Schriesheim
          • Allmannsbach valley (Altmersbach valley; Almirsbach valley)
Nickel et al. (1985)
          • Ursenbach
Nickel et al. (1985)
        • Weinheim
          • Hohensachsen
            • Kohlbach
Nickel et al. (1985)
  • Hesse
    • Darmstadt
      • Bergstraße
        • Abtsteinach
          • Mackenheim
Burisch et al. (2017)
Nickel et al. (1985)
        • Heppenheim
          • Sonderbach
            • Kohlplatte
Nickel et al. (1985) +1 other reference
      • Darmstadt-Dieburg
        • Mühltal
          • Waschenbach
Belendorf et al. (2022)
  • Lower Saxony
    • Göttingen District
      • Harz (Landkreis Göttingen)
Schakel (1989)
  • North Rhine-Westphalia
    • Arnsberg
      • Siegen-Wittgenstein
        • Siegen
          • Eiserfeld
            • Kohlenbach Valley
Wittern (2001)
          • Eisern
Rolf Golze +3 other references
  • Rhineland-Palatinate
    • Altenkirchen
      • Daaden-Herdorf
        • Schutzbach
Weiß (1990) +1 other reference
      • Kirchen (Sieg)
        • Niederfischbach
Weiß (1990)
  • Saxony
    • Erzgebirgskreis
      • Aue-Bad Schlema
Förster et al. (2005)
Wittern (2001)
      • Schwarzenberg
        • Pöhla
Wittern (2001)
    • Görlitz District
      • Thiemendorf
Witzke et al. (2007)
    • Sächsische Schweiz-Osterzgebirge
      • Altenberg
Jahn (1999)
      • Dippoldiswalde
Kolitsch et al. (1997) +1 other reference
Greece
 
  • Attica
    • East Attica
      • Lavreotiki
Voudouris et al. (2008)
[var: Argentoaikinite] Voudouris et al. (2003)
  • Central Macedonia
    • Chalkidiki
      • Aristotelis
Voudouris et al. (2010, April) +1 other reference
    • Kilkis
      • Kilkis
Vavelidis et al. (1994) +1 other reference
  • Eastern Macedonia and Thrace
    • Evros
      • Alexandroupoli
Voudouris et al. (2018)
    • Rhodope
      • Arriana
HAKLI (1970)
      • Maroneia-Sapes
        • Kassiteres-Sapes area
Voudouris (2010)
    • Xanthi
      • Xanthi
Voudouris et al. (2018, July)
  • South Aegean
    • Milos
      • Serifos Island
Korosidis et al. (2022, March)
Greenland
 
  • Sermersooq
    • Arsuk Fjord
      • Ivigtut stock
Karup-Møller (1977) +1 other reference
Guyana
 
  • Cuyuni-Mazaruni Region
    • Omai
      • Omai gold mine
Gabriel Voicu (1999)
Hungary
 
  • Fejér County
    • Székesfehérvár District
      • Pátka
WDS: Norbert Zajzon
  • Heves County
    • Pétervására District
      • Recsk
Takács et al. (2017)
India
 
  • Madhya Pradesh
    • Katni district
Tripathi et al. (2022)
Iran
 
  • South Khorasan Province
    • Nehbandan County
Karimpour et al. (2005) +1 other reference
  • Zanjan Province
    • Tarom County
Mousavi Motlagh et al. (2024)
    • Zanjan County
      • Glojeh polymetallic deposit
Mehrabi et al. (2016)
Ireland
 
  • Leinster
    • Wicklow County
      • Croghan Kinshela Mountain
        • Gold Mines River
Ixer et al. (1990)
Italy
 
  • Lombardy
    • Lecco Province
      • Primaluna
Guastoni et al. (2015) +1 other reference
Carmagnola et al. (2019)
    • Varese Province
      • Cuasso al Monte
        • Cuasso al Piano
Gentile et al. (2023)
  • Sardinia
    • Nuoro Province
      • Gadoni
Stara et al. (1999)
    • South Sardinia Province
      • Furtei
Fadda et al. (2005)
  • Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol
    • Trento Province
      • Predazzo
Vecchi et al. (2013)
  • Tuscany
    • Massa-Carrara Province
Orlandi et al. (2009)
        • Miseglia quarrying basin (Miseglia-Fantiscritti quarrying basin; Fantiscritti quarrying basin)
Orlandi et al. (2009) +1 other reference
        • Torano quarrying basin
Bombarda et al. (1999) +3 other references
  • Veneto
    • Vicenza Province
      • Torrebelvicino
        • Mercanti Valley
Pegoraro S. et al. (2009)
        • Old dumps in Livergon valley
          • East side
Antonio Zordan
Japan
 
  • Hokkaidō Prefecture
    • Hiyama Subprefecture
      • Hiyama District
        • Kaminokuni
ISHIYAMA et al. (1990)
    • Ishikari Subprefecture
      • Sapporo City
IMAI et al. (1999) +1 other reference
Yuningsih et al. (2018)
  • Niigata Prefecture
    • Uetsu
Izumino et al. (2015)
  • Shimane Prefecture
    • Ōda City
Akasaka (2007)
Akasaka et al. (2007, August) +1 other reference
  • Yamagata Prefecture
IZUMINO et al. (2013) +1 other reference
  • Yamaguchi Prefecture
    • Hagi City
      • Asahi-son
The Mineral Species of Japan (5th ed) +1 other reference
Kazakhstan
 
  • Akmola Region
    • Bulandy District
Kovalev et al. (2018)
  • East Kazakhstan Region
    • Altai District
      • Zyryanovsk complex
Mozgova et al. (1994)
    • Katonkaragay District
Mozgova et al. (1994)
    • Kurshim District
Глоба В.А. Месторождение Манка - новый геолого-промышленный тип месторождений золота. // Изв. НАН РК et al. (403)
    • Ridder
D’yachkov et al. (2022)
  • Jambyl Region
    • Moiynkum District
Jermolenko (2002)
  • Karaganda Region
    • Balkhash
Abulgazina et al. (1975)
    • Karkaraly
Baibatsha et al. (2015)
    • Shet District
      • Akshatau (Aqshatau)
Efimov A.V. Bismuthian mineralisation ... +1 other reference
      • Kayrakty (Kairakty)
- (2005)
  • North Kazakhstan Region
Baibatsha et al. (2015)
  • Turkistan Region
Baibatsha et al. (2015)
Kosovo
 
  • Pristina District
    • Graçanica
      • Gračanica (Graçanicë)
Mederski et al. (2021)
Mederski et al. (2021)
Kyrgyzstan
 
  • Batken Region
    • Batken District
Filippov et al. (2013)
Mexico
 
  • Sonora
    • Cananea Municipality
Singer et al. (2008)
  • Zacatecas
    • Zacatecas Municipality
      • Francisco I. Madero
Canet et al. (2009) +1 other reference
Morocco
 
  • Drâa-Tafilalet Region
    • Tinghir Province
      • Boulmane-Dadès Cercle
Bouabdellah et al. (2016)
Myanmar
 
  • Mandalay Region
    • Kyaukse District
      • Kyaukse Township
Aung Myo et al. (2019) +1 other reference
Nepal
 
  • P4 Gandaki Pradesh
    • Kaski District
      • Annapurna Municipality
Kalin Kouzmanov et al. (2009)
New Zealand
 
  • Tasman Region
    • Canaan
Railton et al. (1990)
  • Waikato Region
    • Thames-Coromandel District
      • Tararu
Railton et al. (1990)
      • Waiomu
Railton et al. (1990)
  • West Coast Region
    • Buller District
      • Karamea
Railton et al. (1990)
Nigeria
 
  • Kano
    • Doguwa
www.smenet.org (2001)
North Macedonia
 
  • Radoviš Municipality
Petrunov et al. (2001)
Norway
 
  • Buskerud
    • Drammen
      • Konnerud
Neumann et al. (1964) +1 other reference
Peter Andresen collection (Visual id)
Neumann et al. (1964) +2 other references
    • Lier
- (n.d.)
  • Nordland
    • Sørfold
Husdal et al. (2020)
  • Telemark
    • Tokke
Jan Andersen collection. XRD NHM
      • Skafså
Larsen et al. (2018)
Larsen et al. (2018)
  • Trøndelag
    • Trondheim
      • Bymarka
Størseth (2016)
Papua New Guinea
 
  • Eastern Highlands Province
    • Kainantu
K92 Mining
Peru
 
  • Ancash
    • Bolognesi Province
      • Huallanca District
        • Huanzala
Rocks & Min.: 60:228.
  • Cajamarca
    • Cajamarca Province
      • Encañada District
        • Michiquillay
Singer et al. (2008)
  • Huancavelica
    • Angaraes Province
      • Ccochaccasa District
Crowley et al. (1997)
B. Duval
  • Junín
    • Yauli Province
Crowley et al. (1997)
  • Pasco
    • Pasco province
      • Tinyahuarco district
        • Colquijirca mining district
Bendezu et al. (2009)
Poland
 
  • Lower Silesian Voivodeship
    • Jawor County
      • Gmina Bolków
        • Radzimowice
Janeczek et al. (1991)
      • Gmina Męcinka
        • Chełmiec
Muszyński et al. (2023)
    • Kamienna Góra County
      • Gmina Kamienna Góra
        • Czarnów
Mochnacka et al. (2015)
        • Rędziny
Gołębiowska et al. (2006) +2 other references
Mochnacka et al. (2012)
      • Gmina Janowice Wielkie
Zimnoch E. 1978: Mineralizacja ...
Simon et al. (1997) +1 other reference
      • Szklarska Poręba
Kozłowski et al. (2024)
Mochnacka et al. (2015) +1 other reference
Kozłowski et al. (2024)
Kozłowski A. & Metz P. 2003: ...
    • Wrocław County
      • Gmina Jordanów Śląski
Pieczka et al. (2024) +1 other reference
  • Silesian Voivodeship
    • Myszków County
      • Gmina Żarki
Singer et al. (2008) +1 other reference
Portugal
 
  • Aveiro
    • Albergaria-a-Velha
      • Branca
Marques de Sá et al. (2010)
  • Beja
    • Castro Verde
      • Santa Bárbara de Padrões
Lundin Mining 
Romania
 
  • Bihor County
    • Nucet
Mandarino (1996) +2 other references
Shimizu et al. (1998)
Shimizu et al. (1998)
Shimizu et al. (1998)
  • Caraş-Severin County
    • Moldova Nouă
Cook et al. (2002)
Cook et al. (2002)
Cook et al. (2002)
Cook et al. (2002)
  • Cluj County
Cook et al. (2002)
  • Hunedoara County
    • Buceș
      • Stănija
Cook et al. (2004)
  • Maramureș County
    • Baia Sprie
Buzatu et al. (2015)
    • Borșa
Cook (1998)
    • Tăuții-Măgherăuș
      • Aurum
Damian et al. (2024)
Russia
 
  • Altai Republic
    • Kosh-Agachsky District
Potseluev et al. (2006)
  • Amur Oblast
    • Magdagachinsky District
Khomich V. G. and N. G. Vlasov (2001)
    • Urusha-Oldoi ore district
Nordgold
  • Bashkortostan
    • Uchalinsky District
Zabotina M et al. (2014)
Vikentev (2016)
  • Buryatia
    • Zakamensky District
Damdinova et al. (2019)
webmineral.ru (2016) +1 other reference
M.M. Povilaitis data (http://klopotow.narod.ru/mindata/locathn/R_Buryat/zakamensk/djida.html) +1 other reference
  • Chelyabinsk Oblast
    • Agapovsky District
Князев Ю. Г. et al. (2013) +1 other reference
    • Chesmensky District
Kasatkin et al. (2025)
    • Kaslinsky District
Rogov et al. (2023)
Rogov et al. (2023)
    • Sosnovsky District
Plotinskaya et al. (2018)
      • Pervomayskiy
Plotinskaya et al. (2020)
  • Irkutsk Oblast
    • Khuzhir ore field
Damdinov et al. (2016)
  • Jewish Autonomous Oblast
 ...
  • Kamchatka Krai
    • Bystrinsky District
      • Central Kamchatka mining district
        • Baranyevskoe ore field
Tolstykh et al. (2021) +1 other reference
  • Murmansk Oblast
    • Olenegorsk
Bazai et al. (2009)
  • Republic of Karelia
    • Medvezhyegorsky District
      • Zaonezhie peninsula
Kasatkin (2019)
  • Sakha
    • Aldan
Kondratieva et al. (2021)
Kondratieva et al. (2021)
    • Verkhoyansk Fold Belt
      • Verkhoyansk Silver Province
        • Western Verkhoyansk District
Gamyanin et al. (2015)
  • Sverdlovsk Oblast
    • Beryozovsky
[Clark +4 other references
Pekov (1998)
Yarosh et al. (1955)
    • Ivdelsky Urban Okrug
      • Ivdel
Ayupova et al. (2021)
    • Rezhevsky District
Vikent’ev et al. (2006)
    • Serovsky District
      • Turya river
        • Tur'insk
Vikent'eva et al. (2016)
  • Tuva
    • Kaa-Khemsky District
      • Tardan ore cluster
Kuzhuget et al. (2020)
    • Todzhinsky District
Kuzhuget et al. (2023) +1 other reference
  • Zabaykalsky Krai
    • Alexandrovo-Zavodsky District
Kiseleva et al. (2008)
    • Gazimuro-Zavodsky District
      • Lugokan ore cluster
Redin et al. (2015)
    • Petrovsk-Zabaykalsky District
Eremin et al. (2014)
    • Shelopuginsky District
Yurgenson et al. (2023)
Gvozdev et al. (2020)
    • Sretensky District
Efremov et al. (2021)
    • Tungokochensky District
      • Vershino-Darasunskiy
Yurgenson et al. (2023)
Prokof'ev et al. (2004) +2 other references
Serbia
 
Slobodan A. Radosavljević et al. (2013) +1 other reference
Radosavljevic-Mihajlovic et al. (2007)
Radosavljević-Mihajlović et al. (2017)
Slovakia
 
  • Banská Bystrica Region
    • Banská Bystrica District
      • Špania Dolina
Kodě +1 other reference
      • Staré Hory
Koděra (1986)
    • Banská Štiavnica District
    • Brezno District
Pršek J. (Kandid. Diz.práca)
        • Sokolova Valley
Pršek et al. (2001)
    • Žarnovica District
      • Hodruša-Hámre
Kodě +1 other reference
Jeleň et al. (2012)
  • Košice Region
    • Gelnica District
      • Gelnica
        • Krížová vein
Pauliš et al. (2002)
Háber et al. (SGR)
      • Smolnícka Huta
Koděra (1986)
    • Košice-okolie District
      • Medzev
Koděra (1986)
    • Rožňava District
Koděra (1986)
Kiefer et al. (2020)
Martin Števko-unpublished
      • Rožňava
Pauliš et al. (2002)
    • Spišská Nová Ves District
Hurný J. (1978)
Hurný J. (1978)
Antal B. (1991)
  • Trenčín Region
    • Bánovce nad Bebravou District
      • Čierna Lehota
Pršek et al. (2005)
  • Žilina Region
    • Liptovský Mikuláš District
Ozdín et al. (1999)
Ozdín D. (2003)
South Africa
 
  • Limpopo
    • Waterberg District Municipality
      • Mogalakwena Local Municipality
        • Mokopane
Cairncross et al. (1995)
South Korea
 
  • Ulsan
    • Buk District
CHOI et al. (1985) +1 other reference
Spain
 
  • Andalusia
    • Almería
      • Cuevas del Almanzora
        • Las Herrerías
Navarro et al. (2009)
Sweden
 
  • Kalmar County
    • Västervik
Welin (1966) +1 other reference
  • Södermanland County
    • Nyköping
      • Tunaberg
        • Dammgruvan Ore Field
Dobbe (1991)
Dobbe (1991)
  • Värmland County
    • Årjäng
      • Sillerud
Alm +2 other references
    • Filipstad
      • Långban Ore District
Burke (1986)
    • Säffle
Switzerland
 
  • Grisons
    • Surselva Region
      • Tujetsch
        • Val Curnera
Stalder et al. (1998)
  • Valais
    • Brig
      • Termen
Weibel et al. (1990) +1 other reference
    • Goms
      • Binn
        • Giessen
Most recent: Gea 1993/04 p.137 with ...
    • Leuk
      • Turtmann-Unterems
        • Turtmann Valley
          • Blüomatttälli
Stalder et al. (1998) +1 other reference
    • Sierre
Stalder et al. (1998)
        • Ayer
Ansermet (2012)
        • Saint-Luc
Ansermet (2012)
Tajikistan
 
  • Gorno-Badakhshan
    • Pamir Silver District
      • Bazardara ore cluster
Pavlova et al. (2009)
  • Sughd
    • Asht District
Kovalenker et al. (1984) +1 other reference
    • Ghafurov District
      • Adrasmon (Adrasman)
Badalov et al. (1975) +1 other reference
        • East Karamazar ore district
Ятимов et al. (2019) +1 other reference
Badalov et al. (1975)
Badalov et al. (1975) +2 other references
Badalov et al. (1975)
    • Mastchoh District
Lur'ye et al. (1971)
Turkey
 
  • Artvin Province
    • Murgul District
      • Murgul Camp
        • Murgul Cu-Zn-Pb deposit (Murgul copper deposit)
Özgür (1993)
A. Willgallis et al. : "Se- and ...
  • Balikesir Province
    • Havran District
Yahya Çiftçi et al. (2013)
  • Giresun Province
    • Bulancak District
Sasmaz et al. (2025)
  • Gümüşhane Province
    • Gümüşhane
ÇAĞATAY et al. (1990)
ÇAĞATAY et al. (1990)
UK
 
  • England
    • Cumbria
Stanley et al. (1991)
      • Eden
        • Mungrisdale
Kingsbury et al. (1956) +3 other references
Kingsbury et al. (1956)
    • Devon
      • West Devon
        • Peter Tavy
          • Devon United Mines
Rumsey et al. (2005) +1 other reference
  • Scotland
    • Highland
      • North， West and Central Sutherland
        • Loch Shin
Lowry et al. (1994)
      • Strathpeffer and Lochalsh
        • Wester Ross
          • Glenelg
            • Ratagain Intrusion
Alderton (1986)
Alderton (1986)
    • Perth and Kinross
      • Loch Tay
Webb et al. (2025)
    • Stirling
      • Killin
Pattrick (1984)
USA
 
  • Arizona
    • Cochise County
Anthony et al. (1995)
Graeme (1993) +1 other reference
Anthony et al. (1995)
    • Gila County
      • Globe-Miami Mining District
        • Miami-Inspiration Mining District
          • Miami
            • Miami-Inspiration deposit
Freeport-McMoRan
    • Pima County
      • Coyote Mountains
        • Coyote Mining District
          • Pan Tak
Galbraith (1947) +1 other reference
  • California
    • Plumas County
      • Last Chance Mining District
        • Adams Peak
Dunning et al. (2005)
  • Colorado
    • Boulder County
      • Gold Hill Mining District
Eckel et al. (1997)
Eckel et al. (1997)
      • Jamestown Mining District
Eckel et al. (1997)
        • Jamestown
Eckel et al. (1997)
    • Chaffee County
Eckel et al. (1997)
    • Clear Creek County
      • Alice Mining District (Yankee Mining District; Lincoln Mining District)
Eckel et al. (1997)
Eckel et al. (1997)
Eckel et al. (1997)
Eckel et al. (1997)
      • Lawson Mining District
Eckel et al. (1997)
    • Custer County
      • Rosita Mining District
Eckel et al. (1997)
    • Hinsdale County
      • Lake City Mining District
Eckel et al. (1997)
        • Lake City
Eckel et al. (1997)
    • La Plata County
      • La Plata Mining District (California Mining District)
        • Parrott City
Eckel et al. (1997)
    • Lake County
      • Iron Hill
Eckel et al. (1997)
Shannon et al. (1985)
    • Ouray County
Foord et al. (1989) +1 other reference
      • Ouray Mining District
A. Rosenzweig (1957)
    • Park County
      • Alma Mining District
        • Alma
Eckel et al. (1997)
        • Mount Bross
          • Detroit City Claim Block
Patrick Haynes. ID via Tony Kampf
      • Montezuma Mining District
        • Hall Valley (Hall's Valley)
Eckel et al. (1997)
        • Hall Valley Cirque
Eckel et al. (1997)
    • San Juan County
      • Eureka Mining District
        • Gladstone
          • Bonita Peak
Rosemeyer (1988) +1 other reference
Eckel et al. (1997)
      • Poughkeepsie Gulch
Eckel et al. (1997)
Eckel et al. (1997)
Eckel et al. (1997)
    • Summit County
Eckel et al. (1997)
  • Idaho
    • Adams County
      • Seven Devils Mining District
Ream (2004)
    • Blaine County
      • Germania Creek Mining District
Ream (2004)
    • Butte County
      • Lava Creek Mining District
Dana 7:I:413 +1 other reference
  • Montana
    • Jefferson County
      • Whitehall Mining District (Cardwell Mining District)
Gnanou (2018)
Barrick Gold Corporation
    • Silver Bow County
      • Butte Mining District (Summit Valley Mining District)
Guilbert and Zeihen 1964 +1 other reference
Guilbert and Zeihen 1964 +1 other reference
  • Nevada
    • Esmeralda County
Castor et al. (2004)
Castor et al. (2004)
Castor et al. (2004)
      • Tule Canyon Mining District
Castor et al. (2004)
    • Nye County
      • Toquima Range
        • Round Mountain Mining District
Foord et al. (1988) +1 other reference
Foord et al. (1988)
  • New Mexico
    • Bernalillo County
Collected by Patrick Haynes. PXRD and ...
    • Socorro County
      • Magdalena Mining District
single crystal xrd by Travis Olds
  • North Carolina
    • Wake County
      • Raleigh
Rocks & Min.: 60:99.
  • Utah
    • Salt Lake County
      • Little Cottonwood Mining District
        • Alta
Bullock (1981)
Dana 7:I:413. +3 other references
    • Tooele County
      • Gold Hill Mining District (Clifton Mining District)
Bullock (1981)
        • Gold Hill
Bullock (1981)
Bullock (1981)
Bullock (1981)
  • Virginia
    • Loudoun County
      • Chantilly
Dietrich (1990)
    • Rockbridge County
      • Irish Creek
Rocks & Min.:60:168. +1 other reference
Uzbekistan
 
  • Tashkent Region
    • Ohangaron District
Kovalenker (2003) +1 other reference
Kovalenker et al. (1997)
Vietnam
 
  • Thanh Hóa Province
    • Thường Xuân District
Tran et al. (2025)
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