Lindströmite
A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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About Lindströmite
Gustaf Lindström
Formula:
Cu3Pb3Bi7S15
Colour:
Lead-grey
Lustre:
Metallic
Hardness:
3 - 3½
Specific Gravity:
7.01
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Name:
Named in honor of Gustaf Lindström (1 July 1838 - 24 May 1916), Swedish mineral analyst and paleontologist at the Riksmuseum AE Nordenskiöld.
Type Locality:
Name Encoding
ASCII-7:
Lindstromite
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
2408
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:2408:8
IMA Classification of Lindströmite
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
IMA Formula:
Pb3Cu3Bi7S15
Approval year:
1975
Approval history:
Mumme et al. (1976) outline a proposal that was accepted by the IMA in September 1975. The original formula proposed by Johansson (1924) is thought to have been in error, based on the reinvestigation of the type specimen by Welin (1966).
Classification of Lindströmite
2.HB.05a
2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
H : Sulfosalts of SnS archetype
B : With Cu, Ag, Fe, Sn and Pb
2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
H : Sulfosalts of SnS archetype
B : With Cu, Ag, Fe, Sn and Pb
3.4.5.7
3 : SULFOSALTS
4 : ø = 3
3 : SULFOSALTS
4 : ø = 3
5.7.5
5 : Sulphosalts - Sulpharsenites and Sulphobismuthites (those containing Sn, Ge,or V are in Section 6)
7 : Sulpharsenites etc. of Pb and other metals
5 : Sulphosalts - Sulpharsenites and Sulphobismuthites (those containing Sn, Ge,or V are in Section 6)
7 : Sulpharsenites etc. of Pb and other metals
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Lsm | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
| Lnd | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) The Canadian Mineralogist list of symbols for rock- and ore-forming minerals (December 30, 2019). download |
Physical Properties of Lindströmite
Metallic
Transparency:
Opaque
Colour:
Lead-grey
Streak:
Black
Hardness:
3 - 3½ on Mohs scale
Hardness Data:
Measured
Cleavage:
Distinct/Good
Fracture:
Irregular/Uneven, Conchoidal
Density:
7.01 g/cm3 (Measured) 7.03 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Lindströmite
Reflectivity:
| Wavelength | R1 (%) | R2 (%) |
|---|---|---|
| 400nm | 42.3% | 46.0% |
| 420nm | 42.2% | 45.8% |
| 440nm | 42.1% | 45.6% |
| 460nm | 42.0% | 45.4% |
| 480nm | 41.8% | 45.3% |
| 500nm | 41.6% | 45.2% |
| 520nm | 41.4% | 45.3% |
| 540nm | 41.1% | 45.4% |
| 560nm | 41.0% | 45.5% |
| 580nm | 40.7% | 45.3% |
| 600nm | 40.3% | 45.1% |
| 620nm | 40.1% | 45.0% |
| 640nm | 39.8% | 44.7% |
| 660nm | 39.6% | 44.4% |
| 680nm | 39.3% | 44.0% |
| 700nm | 39.0% | 43.6% |
Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Peak reflectance is 46.0%.
R1 shown in black, R2 shown in red
Chemistry of Lindströmite
Mindat Formula:
Cu3Pb3Bi7S15
Element Weights:
Elements listed:
Crystallography of Lindströmite
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Class (H-M):
mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) - Dipyramidal
Cell Parameters:
a = 56.08 Å, b = 11.56 Å, c = 4.00 Å
Ratio:
a:b:c = 4.851 : 1 : 0.346
Unit Cell V:
2,593.14 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4
Morphology:
Prismatic [001], lacking terminal faces; striated [001].
Forms include {100}, {010}, {110}, {510}, {410}, {310}, {520}, {210}, {530}, {230}, {120}, {130}, {140}.
Forms include {100}, {010}, {110}, {510}, {410}, {310}, {520}, {210}, {530}, {230}, {120}, {130}, {140}.
Comment:
SG Pbnm; cell parameters are slightly variable
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|
Comments:
No published XRD data.
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| High-? alteration and/or metamorphism | |
| 33 : Minerals deposited by hydrothermal metal-rich fluids (see also [#12]) |
Type Occurrence of Lindströmite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Prismatic crystals to 1 cm in length and several mm thick, on quartz.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden.
Synonyms of Lindströmite
Other Language Names for Lindströmite
Dutch:Lindströmiet
German:Lindströmit
Russian:Линдстремит
Simplified Chinese:辉铋铜铅矿
Spanish:Lindströmita
Traditional Chinese:輝鉍銅鉛礦
Common Associates
Associations Based on Photo Data:
| 33 photos of Lindströmite associated with 'Calc-silicate rock' | |
| 13 photos of Lindströmite associated with Native Bismuth | Bi |
| 7 photos of Lindströmite associated with Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
| 5 photos of Lindströmite associated with Friedrichite | Cu5Pb5Bi7S18 |
| 5 photos of Lindströmite associated with Molybdenite | MoS2 |
| 3 photos of Lindströmite associated with Hammarite | Cu2Pb2Bi4S9 |
| 3 photos of Lindströmite associated with Krupkaite | PbCuBi3S6 |
| 2 photos of Lindströmite associated with Quartz | SiO2 |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 2.HB. | Barikaite | Ag3Pb10(Sb8As11)S40 |
| 2.HB. | Carducciite | (Ag2Sb2)Pb12(As,Sb)16S40 |
| 2.HB. | Sardashtite | Ag9Cu2.5Pb41Sb36.5As7S112 |
| 2.HB. | Interliveingite | AgPb18As25S56 |
| 2.HB. | Reckibachite | Ag2Pb12As14Sb4S40 |
| 2.HB.05a | Salzburgite | Pb1.6Cu1.6Bi6.4S12 |
| 2.HB.05a | Hammarite | Cu2Pb2Bi4S9 |
| 2.HB.05c | Jaskólskiite | CuxPb2+x(Sb,Bi)2-xS5 (x ~ 0.15) |
| 2.HB.05 | 'UM1990-54-Se:BiCuPb' | CuPb(Ni,Co)0.3Bi3Se6 |
| 2.HB.05a | Aikinite | CuPbBiS3 |
| 2.HB.05a | Pekoite | PbCuBi11S18 |
| 2.HB.05a | Friedrichite | Cu5Pb5Bi7S18 |
| 2.HB.05b | Meneghinite | Pb13CuSb7S24 |
| 2.HB.05a | Paarite | Pb1.7Cu1.7Bi6.3S12 |
| 2.HB.05a | Emilite | Cu10.7Pb10.7Bi21.3S48 |
| 2.HB.05a | Gladite | CuPbBi5S9 |
| 2.HB.05a | Krupkaite | PbCuBi3S6 |
| 2.HB.05 | 'UM2000-46-S:BiCuPb' | Cu0.33Pb0.33Bi7.67S12 |
| 2.HB.10b | Izoklakeite | Pb27(Cu,Fe,Ag)2(Sb,Bi)19S57 |
| 2.HB.10c | Eclarite | (Cu,Fe)Pb9Bi12S28 |
| 2.HB.10a | Tintinaite | Pb22Cu4(Sb,Bi)30S69 |
| 2.HB.10b | Giessenite | Pb27Cu2(Bi,Sb)19S57 |
| 2.HB.10a | Kobellite | Pb22Cu4(Bi,Sb)30S69 |
| 2.HB.15 | Jamesonite | Pb4FeSb6S14 |
| 2.HB.15 | Benavidesite | Pb4MnSb6S14 |
| 2.HB.20a | Nagyágite | [Pb3(Pb,Sb)3S6](Au,Te)3 |
| 2.HB.20b | Buckhornite | AuPb2BiTe2S3 |
| 2.HB.20e | Luxembourgite | AgCuPbBi4Se8 |
| 2.HB.20b | Jaszczakite | [Bi3S3][AuS2] |
| 2.HB.20d | Berryite | Cu3Ag2Pb3Bi7S16 |
| 2.HB.20e | Watkinsonite | Cu2PbBi4(Se,S,Te)8 |
| 2.HB.20c | Museumite | [Pb2(Pb,Sb)2S8][(Te,Au)2] |
| 2.HB.20e | Litochlebite | Ag2PbBi4Se8 |
| 2.HB.25 | Meerschautite | (Ag,Cu)6Pb43-2xSb44+2xS112Ox (x ~0.5) |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Lindströmite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-2408.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
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External Links:
Mineral Dealers:
References for Lindströmite
Reference List:
Johansson, K. (1924) Bidrag till Gladhammar-gruvornas mineralogi [Contribution to the mineralogy of the Gladhammar mines]. Arkiv für Kemi, Mineralogi och Geologi [Archive for Chemistry, Mineralogy and Geology], 9 (8) 1-22
Localities for Lindströmite
Showing 55 localities.
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Australia | |
| Wormald (1993) |
Austria | |
| Mandarino (2002) |
Bulgaria | |
| Todorov (1990) |
Canada | |
| Traill (1983) |
| |
| Pring et al. (1998) | |
| Gaines et al. (1997) | |
China | |
| Jian et al. (2015) +2 other references |
| Xiang-Ping et al. (2001) |
| Zhou et al. (2018) |
Czech Republic | |
| Ondruš et al. (2003) |
| Sejkora (1998) |
Germany | |
| Witzke et al. (2007) |
Greece | |
| Voudouris et al. (2018) |
Hungary | |
| collector: László Tóth +1 other reference |
Ireland | |
| Ixer et al. (1990) |
Japan | |
| S. Matsubara & R. Miyawaki (2006) |
| IZUMINO et al. (2014) |
Kazakhstan | |
| Mozgova et al. (1994) |
| Mozgova et al. (1994) |
| Efimov A.V. Bismuthian mineralisation ... |
Mexico | |
| Gaines et al. (1997) |
Namibia | |
| Bezing et al. (2007) |
Norway | |
| Husdal et al. (2020) |
| Larsen et al. (2018) |
| Larsen et al. (2018) | |
Peru | |
| Yáñez et al. (2014, May) |
Poland | |
| Gołębiowska B. et al. (2005) |
Romania | |
| Dr. Günter Grundmann collection |
| Szakáll (2002) |
| Cook (1998) |
| HÎRTOPANU et al. (2025) |
Russia | |
| Potseluev et al. (2006) +1 other reference |
| Gaines et al. (1997) |
| Rogov et al. (2023) |
| Rogov et al. (2023) | |
| Gaines et al. (1997) |
| Timofeeva et al. (1975) |
Serbia | |
| RTB Bor |
Slovakia | |
| Ďuďa R. et al. (1993) |
| Pršek J. (Kandid. Diz.práca) |
| Pršek et al. (2001) |
| Jeleň et al. (2012) |
| Martin Števko-unpublished |
| Ďuda et al. (1996) |
| Ozdín D. (2003) |
Sweden (TL) | |
| Johansson (1924) +1 other reference |
Switzerland | |
| Locality description |
UK | |
| Lowry et al. (1994) |
USA | |
| Barrick Gold Corporation |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
| Cooper et al. (1991) |
| Gaines et al. (1997) |
Uzbekistan | |
| Kovalenker et al. (2003) |
| Evseev (1995) |
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