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Saturn

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: saturn and Satürn

English

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English Wikipedia has articles on:
Wikipedia Wikipedia
Refer to caption
The planet Saturn (proper noun sense 1)
Painting of the Roman god Saturn
The Roman god Saturn (proper noun sense 2) wearing his toga "capite velato" and holding a sickle (fresco from the House of the Dioscuri at Pompeii, Naples Archaeological Museum)

Etymology

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From Old English Sætern, from Latin Sāturnus, probably from Etruscan 𐌔𐌀𐌕𐌓𐌄 (satre), plausibly influenced by Latin satus, past participle of serere (“to sow”).

Pronunciation

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Proper noun

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Saturn

  2. (astronomy) The sixth planet of the solar system, known for its large rings, and until recent times the furthest known; represented in astronomy and astrology by ♄.
  4. (Roman mythology) The god of fertility and agriculture, equivalent to the Greek Cronos.
    Alternative form: Saturnus
  6. A former brand of car by GM (1985–2010).
    Coordinate terms: Chevrolet, Chevy, Pontiac, Oldsmobile, Olds, Buick, Cadillac
    Saturn promised us no-haggle purchasing and no-dent body panels.

Synonyms

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  • (astronomy, astrology): ♄

Derived terms

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Translations

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The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Noun

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Saturn (uncountable)

  1. (heraldry, rare) Sable (black), in the postmedieval practice of blazoning the tinctures in the arms of certain sovereign people and places as planets.
    • 1693, Richard Blome, The Art of Heraldry, in two parts ... second edition ..., pages 76-77:
      12. Venus, a Staff in Pale Sol, and thereupon a Cross Pattee, Luna surmounted off a Pall of the last, charged with 4. like Crosses fitched Saturn, edged and stringed as the second. This Coat belongs to the Archiepiscopal See of Canterbury, to whose place it appertains to Crown and Inaugurate the Kings of England.
    • 1724, John Guillim, A Display of Heraldry, page 151:
      […] The Field is Luna, a Chevron, Mars, between three Bull's Heads couped Saturn, armed Sol. This Coat-Armour pertained to the Right Noble Family of Thomas Bulleine Lord hoo and Hastings, Viscount Rochford, […] [pages 200-201:] I have omitted, in this Edition, that Escucheon Sol, charged with three Toads erected Saturn, which, according to some Authors, was the Coat-Armour of the ancient Kings of France; […]
    • 1739, James Ware, Walter Harris, The Whole Works of Sir James Ware Concerning Ireland, volume 1, page 1:
      The Archiepiscopal See of Armagh bears Jupiter, a Pastoral Staff in Pale Luna, ensigned with a Cross Pattee Sol, surmounded by a Pall of the second, edged and fringed of the third, charged with four like Crosses Pattee Fitched Saturn.
  2. (obsolete, alchemy, chemistry) Lead (the metal).
    • 2004, Maurice P. Crosland, Historical Studies in the Language of Chemistry‎[1], page 89:
      Another pair of terms which caused some confusion were Spirit of Saturn and Spirit of Venus, names suggesting compounds of lead and copper respectively. Jean Beguin described the preparation from minium and distilled vinegar of a liquid he called burning spirit of Saturn, because it was inflammable and he thought it was a compound of lead. Actually the lead takes no part in the reaction and the product of distilling lead acetate is impure acetone. Beguin’s terminology did not go without comment however, for Christopher Glaser later referred to ‘A burning Spirit of Saturn (as it is called) but rather, a Spirit of the Volatile Salt of Vinegar’. Tachenius referred to the product of distillation of copper acetate as ‘pretended spirit of Venus’ because it was really only distilled vinegar - the meaning which Macquer gave to the expression. It is typical of the confusion of terminology in early chemistry that the London Pharmacopoeia of 1721 gave the name Spiritus Veneris to sulphuric acid obtained by the distillation of copper sulphate.
    • 2013, John Read, From Alchemy to Chemistry‎[2]:
      The association of the heavenly bodies with known metals and also with human organs and destinies goes back to ancient Chaldea, the land of astrologers. In Chaucer’s words: ‘The seven bodies eek, lo hear anon. Sol gold is, and Luna silver we declare; Mars yron, Mercurie is quyksilver; Saturnian leed; and Jubitur is tyn, and Venus coper, by my fathers kyn.’ […] Corresponding names were bestowed upon salts of these metals by the alchemists, and some of them have persisted down to the present day. Some examples are lunar caustic (silver nitrate); vitriol of Venus (copper sulphate); sugar of Saturn (lead acetate); and vitriol of Mars, or Martial vitriol (ferrous sulphate).
  4. A car of the former Saturn brand by GM.
    Hypernyms: car, auto, automobile < vehicle
    Coordinate terms: Chevrolet, Chevy, Pontiac, Oldsmobile, Olds, Buick, Cadillac, Caddy
    Remember that guy who worked in the warehouse who used to drive that blue Saturn? That guy was the best. I wonder where he is now?

See also

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Anagrams

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Albanian

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Albanian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia sq

Pronunciation

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Proper noun

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Saturn m (definite form Saturni)

  2. Saturn (planet)

Catalan

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Catalan Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ca

Etymology

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Borrowed from Latin Saturnus.

Pronunciation

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Proper noun

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Saturn m

  2. Saturn (planet)
  4. (Roman mythology) Saturn (Roman god)
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See also

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Crimean Tatar

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Proper noun

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Saturn

  2. Saturn (planet)

Declension

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Declension of Saturn
nominative Saturn
genitive Saturnnıñ
dative Saturnğa
accusative Saturnnı
locative Saturnda
ablative Saturndan

Synonyms

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References

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  • Mirjejev, V. A.; Usejinov, S. M. (2002), Ukrajinsʹko-krymsʹkotatarsʹkyj slovnyk [Ukrainian – Crimean Tatar Dictionary]‎[3], Simferopol: Dolya, →ISBN

Czech

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Pronunciation

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Proper noun

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Saturn m anim

  2. (Roman mythology) Saturn (Roman god)

Declension

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Declension of Saturn (sg-only hard masculine animate)
singular
nominative Saturn
genitive Saturna
dative Saturnovi, Saturnu
accusative Saturna
vocative Saturne
locative Saturnovi, Saturnu
instrumental Saturnem

Alternative forms

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Proper noun

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Saturn m inan

  2. Saturn (planet)

Declension

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Declension of Saturn (sg-only hard masculine inanimate)
singular
nominative Saturn
genitive Saturnu, Saturna
dative Saturnu
accusative Saturn
vocative Saturne
locative Saturnu
instrumental Saturnem

See also

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Solar System in Czech · sluneční soustava (layout · text)
Star Slunce
IAU planets and
notable dwarf planets 		Merkur Venuše Země Mars Ceres Jupiter Saturn Uran Neptun Pluto Eris
Notable
moons 		— — Měsíc Phobos/Fobos
Deimos 		— Io
Europa
Ganymed
Callisto 		Mimas
Enceladus
Tethys
Dione
Rhea
Titan
Iapetus
Miranda
Ariel
Umbriel
Titania
Oberon 		Triton Charon Dysnomia

Danish

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Danish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia da

Etymology

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From Latin Sāturnus.

Proper noun

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Saturn (genitive Saturns)

  2. Saturn (planet)

See also

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Estonian

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Proper noun

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Saturn

  2. Saturn (planet)

See also

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Faroese

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Proper noun

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Saturn m

  1. Saturn (planet)

See also

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Solar System in Faroese · Sólskipanin (layout · text)
Star Sólin
IAU planets and
notable dwarf planets 		Merkur Venus Jørðin Mars [Term?] Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptun Pluto Eris
Notable
moons 		— — Mánin Phobos
Deimos 		— Io
Europa
Ganymedes
Callisto 		[Term?]
[Term?]
[Term?]
[Term?]
[Term?]
Titan
[Term?]
[Term?]
[Term?]
[Term?]
[Term?]
[Term?] 		Triton Charon Dysnomia

German

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Etymology

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    Learned borrowing from Latin Sāturnus.

    Pronunciation

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    Proper noun

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    Saturn m (proper noun, strong, genitive Saturns or Saturn)

    2. (astronomy) Saturn
    4. (Roman mythology) Saturn

    Declension

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    Declension of Saturn [sg-only, masculine, strong]
    singular
    indef. def. noun
    nominative ein der Saturn
    genitive eines des Saturns, Saturn
    dative einem dem Saturn
    accusative einen den Saturn

    Noun

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    Saturn n (strong, genitive Saturns, no plural)

    1. (obsolete) lead (material)
      Synonym: Blei

    Declension

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    Declension of Saturn [sg-only, neuter, strong]
    singular
    indef. def. noun
    nominative ein das Saturn
    genitive eines des Saturns
    dative einem dem Saturn
    accusative ein das Saturn

    See also

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    References

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    Latvian

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    Proper noun

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    Saturn m

    1. vocative singular of Saturns

    Northern Sami

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    Etymology

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    Borrowed from Norwegian Saturn.

    Pronunciation

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    Image This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!

    Proper noun

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    Saturn

    2. Saturn (planet)

    Inflection

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    This noun needs an inflection-table template.

    See also

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    Further reading

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    • Eino Koponen, Klaas Ruppel, Kirsti Aapala, editors (2002–2008), Álgu database: Etymological database of the Saami languages‎[5], Helsinki: Research Institute for the Languages of Finland

    Norwegian Bokmål

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    Norwegian Wikipedia has articles on:
    Wikipedia noWikipedia noWikipedia no
    Image
    Saturn and its rings photographed by the Cassini spacecraft near the planet's equinox.
    Image
    A second-century Roman sculpture of Saturn from the Bardo National Museum in Tunis.

    Pronunciation

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    • IPA(key): /¹sɑː.tʉrn/, [ˈsɑ̀ː.tʉɳ]
    • Rhymes: -ɑːtʉɳ
    • Hyphenation: Sa‧turn

    Etymology 1

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    Internationalism, based on Latin Sāturnus (“Saturn, the Roman god”), also attested in the older form Saeturnus. The Norwegian form reflects the widespread international form of the name without the Latin ending -us.

    The deeper origin of the Latin name is uncertain. Ancient Roman writers connected it with satus (“sown”), the past participle of serō (“to sow, plant”), in reference to Saturn's association with agriculture. This explanation is generally regarded as a folk etymology, however, since it does not readily account for the long vowel ā in Sāturnus or the older form Saeturnus. An alternative proposal ultimately derives the name from Etruscan, comparing it with the Etruscan divine name 𐌔𐌀𐌕𐌓𐌄 (satre, “Satre”); the exact relationship between the Latin and Etruscan names remains uncertain.

    The astronomical sense is transferred from the name of the Roman deity. Saturn was one of the five planets visible to the naked eye that were known in antiquity and received names associated with Greco-Roman gods.

    Parallel international forms include Danish Saturn, German Saturn, Dutch Saturnus, Swedish Saturnus, Icelandic Satúrnus, French Saturne and English Saturn.

    Proper noun

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    Saturn

    1. (astronomy) Saturn; the sixth planet from the Sun and the second-largest planet in the Solar System, a gas giant especially distinguished by its extensive system of rings
      Saturn er lett å kjenne igjen på det store ringsystemet. ― Saturn is easy to recognize by its large ring system.
      • 2015 May 30, Terje Avner, “Solsystemet fra A til Å”, in Aftenposten:
        Planeten Saturn, nummer seks fra Solen, er i seg selv et spennende system med sine spektakulære ringer og mer enn 60 måner.
        The planet Saturn, number six from the Sun, is itself a fascinating system with its spectacular rings and more than 60 moons.
    2. (Roman mythology) Saturn; an ancient Italic and Roman god closely associated with agriculture and crops, later identified with the Greek god Kronos, whose reign was regarded as a mythical Golden Age
      Saturn ble senere identifisert med den greske guden Kronos. ― Saturn was later identified with the Greek god Cronus.
      • 2019, Anniken Sandvik, “Saturngikta”, in Ramazzini, number 1, page 20:
        Guden Saturn var i romersk mytologi nært knyttet til åkerbruket og ble derfor ofte avbildet med kornsigd eller ljå.
        In Roman mythology, the god Saturn was closely associated with agriculture and was therefore often depicted with a sickle or scythe.
    Derived terms
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    Descendants
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    • → Northern Sami: Saturn
    See also
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    • Kronos (“Cronus”) (Greek counterpart of the god)
    Solar System in Norwegian Bokmål · solsystemet (layout · text)
    Star sola ~ solen
    IAU planets and
    notable dwarf planets     		Merkur Venus jorda ~ jorden (Tellus) Mars Ceres Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptun Pluto Eris
    Notable
    moons     		— — månen Phobos
    Deimos         		— Io
    Europa
    Ganymedes
    Callisto         		Mimas
    Enceladus
    Tethys
    Dione
    Rhea
    Titan
    Iapetus
    Miranda
    Ariel
    Umbriel
    Titania
    Oberon         		Triton Charon Dysnomia

    Etymology 2

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    Image
    A Saturn SW station wagon.

    Borrowed from English Saturn (“former American automobile marque”). The English brand name originated as the name of a General Motors project in 1982 and was retained when Saturn Corporation was formally established in 1985.

    The project was named after the Saturn V rocket, which had carried the Apollo missions to the Moon. The name was intended to evoke the technological ambition and success of the American space program at a time when General Motors was seeking to compete more effectively with Japanese automobile manufacturers.

    The rocket's name ultimately derives from the same astronomical name as Etymology 1. The Saturn rocket family had itself been named after the planet: it followed earlier American rocket systems called Jupiter, and Saturn is the next planet outward from Jupiter.

    Pronunciation

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    • (Norwegian pronunciation) IPA(key): /¹sɑː.tʉrn/, [ˈsɑ̀ː.tʉɳ]
    • (English-style pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˈsætən/, [ˈsætən]
    • Rhymes: (Norwegian pronunciation) -ɑːtʉɳ, (English-style) -ætən
    • Hyphenation: Sat‧urn

    Proper noun

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    Saturn

    1. (automotive) Saturn; a former American car brand established by General Motors in 1985 and produced from 1990 to 2010
      Saturn var General Motors' satsing på mindre amerikanske biler. ― Saturn was General Motors' venture into smaller American cars.
      • 1996 August 21, “Saturn Sport Coupé: 1.9 DOHC”, in BIL, number 8:
        Saturn er et datterselskap av General Motors, og har helt fra etableringen i 1985 hatt som oppgave å svare på konkurransen fra de japanske bilprodusentene.
        Saturn is a subsidiary of General Motors and, ever since its establishment in 1985, has had the task of responding to competition from Japanese automobile manufacturers.

    References

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    Polish

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    Polish Wikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipedia pl

    Etymology

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      Learned borrowing from Latin Sāturnus.

      Pronunciation

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      Proper noun

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      Saturn m pers

      1. (Roman mythology) Saturn, a Roman god

      Declension

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      Declension of Saturn
      singular
      nominative Saturn
      genitive Saturna
      dative Saturnowi
      accusative Saturna
      instrumental Saturnem
      locative Saturnie
      vocative Saturnie

      Proper noun

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      Saturn m animal

      2. Saturn, a planet in the Solar System

      Declension

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      Declension of Saturn
      singular
      nominative Saturn
      genitive Saturna
      dative Saturnowi
      accusative Saturna
      instrumental Saturnem
      locative Saturnie
      vocative Saturnie

      See also

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      Solar System in Polish · Układ Słoneczny (layout · text)
      Star Słońce
      IAU planets and
      notable dwarf planets       		Merkury Wenus Ziemia Mars Ceres Jowisz Saturn Uran Neptun Pluton —
      Notable
      moons       		— — Księżyc Fobos
      Deimos             		— Io
      Europa
      Ganimedes
      Kallisto             		Mimas
      Enceladus
      Tetyda
      Dione
      Rea
      Tytan
      Japet
      Miranda
      Ariel
      Umbriel
      Tytania
      Oberon             		Tryton Charon —

      Further reading

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      • “Saturn”, in Polish dictionaries at PWN‎[6] (in Polish)

      Romanian

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      Proper noun

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      Saturn n

      2. Saturn (planet)

      See also

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      Serbo-Croatian

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      Pronunciation

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      • IPA(key): /sǎturn/
      • Hyphenation: Sa‧turn

      Proper noun

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      Sàturn m inan or m anim (Cyrillic spelling Са̀турн)

      2. (inanimate) Saturn (planet)
      4. (animate) Saturn (Roman god)

      Declension

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      inanimate
      Declension of Saturn
      singular
      nominative Saturn
      genitive Saturna
      dative Saturnu
      accusative Saturn
      vocative Saturne
      locative Saturnu
      instrumental Saturnom
      animate
      Declension of Saturn
      singular
      nominative Saturn
      genitive Saturna
      dative Saturnu
      accusative Saturna
      vocative Saturne
      locative Saturnu
      instrumental Saturnom

      Slovene

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      Pronunciation

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      Proper noun

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      Satúrn m anim

      2. Saturn (planet)
      4. Saturn (Roman god)

      Declension

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      Planet:

      Unknown tone or non-tonal
      		 The diacritics used in this section of the entry are non-tonal. If you are a native tonal speaker, please help by adding the tonal marks.
      Masculine inan., hard o-stem
      nominative Satúrn
      genitive Satúrna
      singular
      nominative
      (imenovȃlnik)       		Satúrn
      genitive
      (rodȋlnik)       		Satúrna
      dative
      (dajȃlnik)       		Satúrnu
      accusative
      (tožȋlnik)       		Satúrn
      locative
      (mẹ̑stnik)       		Satúrnu
      instrumental
      (orọ̑dnik)       		Satúrnom

      God (or sometimes the planet):

      Unknown tone or non-tonal
      		 The diacritics used in this section of the entry are non-tonal. If you are a native tonal speaker, please help by adding the tonal marks.
      Masculine anim., hard o-stem
      nominative Satúrn
      genitive Satúrna
      singular
      nominative
      (imenovȃlnik)       		Satúrn
      genitive
      (rodȋlnik)       		Satúrna
      dative
      (dajȃlnik)       		Satúrnu
      accusative
      (tožȋlnik)       		Satúrna
      locative
      (mẹ̑stnik)       		Satúrnu
      instrumental
      (orọ̑dnik)       		Satúrnom

      See also

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      Tatar

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      Proper noun

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      Saturn

      2. Saturn (planet)
        • 2006 August 24, Ali Ğilmi, quoting Dr. Binzel, “Astronomiä: Küktä 8 planet qaldı, Pluto "kärlägä" äylände”, in Azatlıq radiosı‎[7]:
          "Fänni oyışma bularaq bez berençe tapqır planeta süzenä bilgelämä birdek. Bu süz xäzer qoyaş sistemasındağı 8 klassik planetağa qarıy, menä alar: Merkuri, Venera, Cir, Mars, Yupiter, Saturn, Uran häm Neptun. Pluto xäzer başqa kategoriädä, ul kärlä planeta dip atala" di Dr. Binzel.
          (please add an English translation of this quotation)

      Declension

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      Declension of Saturn
      nominative Saturn
      genitive Saturnnıñ
      dative Saturnga
      accusative Saturnnı
      locative Saturnda
      ablative Saturndan
      Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Saturn&oldid=92472660"