close
Jump to content

droga

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Basque

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

Borrowed from Spanish droga.

Pronunciation

[edit]
  • IPA(key): /droɡa/ [d̪ro.ɣ̞a]
  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -oɡa, -a
  • Hyphenation: dro‧ga

Noun

[edit]

droga inan

  1. (dated) drug (substance used to treat an illness)
  2. drug (psychoactive substance)

Declension

[edit]
Declension of droga (inan a-stem)
indefinite singular plural proximal plural
absolutive droga droga drogak drogok
ergative drogak drogak drogek drogok
dative drogari drogari drogei drogoi
genitive drogaren drogaren drogen drogon
comitative drogarekin drogarekin drogekin drogokin
causative drogarengatik drogarengatik drogengatik drogongatik
benefactive drogarentzat drogarentzat drogentzat drogontzat
instrumental drogaz drogaz drogez drogotaz
inessive drogatan drogan drogetan drogotan
locative drogatako drogako drogetako drogotako
allative drogatara drogara drogetara drogotara
terminative drogataraino drogaraino drogetaraino drogotaraino
directive drogatarantz drogarantz drogetarantz drogotarantz
destinative drogatarako drogarako drogetarako drogotarako
ablative drogatatik drogatik drogetatik drogotatik
partitive drogarik
prolative drogatzat

Derived terms

[edit]

Further reading

[edit]
  • droga”, in Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy] (in Basque), Euskaltzaindia [Royal Academy of the Basque Language]
  • droga”, in Orotariko Euskal Hiztegia [General Basque Dictionary], Euskaltzaindia, 1987–2005

Catalan

[edit]

Pronunciation

[edit]

Etymology 1

[edit]

Uncertain. Cognate with French drogue, English drug.

Noun

[edit]

droga f (plural drogues)

  1. drug
Derived terms
[edit]

Further reading

[edit]

Etymology 2

[edit]

Verb

[edit]

droga

  1. inflection of drogar:
    1. third-person singular present indicative
    2. second-person singular imperative

Czech

[edit]
Czech Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia cs

Etymology

[edit]

Borrowed from German Droge, from French drogue. First attested in the 19th century.[1]

Pronunciation

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

droga f (relational adjective drogový)

  1. drug, recreational drug (illegal or intoxicating)

Declension

[edit]

Derived terms

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Rejzek, Jiří (2015), “droga”, in Český etymologický slovník [Czech Etymological Dictionary] (in Czech), 3rd (revised and expanded) edition, Praha: LEDA, →ISBN, page 146

Further reading

[edit]

Galician

[edit]

Verb

[edit]

droga

  1. inflection of drogar:
    1. third-person singular present indicative
    2. second-person singular imperative

Interlingua

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

droga (plural drogas)

  1. drug (medical drug or recreational drug)

Italian

[edit]
Italian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia it

Pronunciation

[edit]

Etymology 1

[edit]

Attested from the 1560s; ultimately from Middle Dutch drôge (dry), perhaps through Middle French drogue (c. 1462); see etymology at drug.

Noun

[edit]

droga f (plural droghe)

  1. (cooking) spice
    Synonym: spezia
    Per questa ricetta servono diverse droghe come pepe, noce moscata e chiodi di garofano.
    This recipe requires various spices such as pepper, nutmeg, and cloves.
  2. (pharmacology) a natural (animal, vegetal or mineral) drug
    Hyponyms: medicina, medicamento
    La digitale è una droga vegetale che contiene principi attivi utilizzati per curare disturbi cardiaci.
    Digitalis is a vegetal drug that contains active compounds used to treat heart conditions.
  3. drug
    Synonym: stupefacente
    • 2008, Fratello Metallo, “Bacco”, in Misteri:
      L'alcol è droga! L'alcol è droga e morte!
      Alcohol is a drug! Alcohol is a drug and death!
    • 2012, Ferran Adrià, Valentin Fuster, Josep Corbella, La buona cucina della salute, page 237:
      Le ragazze hanno ben chiaro che la marijuana non è una droga leggera.
      The girls understood pretty clearly that marijuana is not a light drug.
Derived terms
[edit]
[edit]

Etymology 2

[edit]

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

[edit]

droga

  1. inflection of drogare:
    1. third-person singular present indicative
    2. second-person singular imperative

References

[edit]
  1. ^ droga in Luciano Canepari, Dizionario di Pronuncia Italiana (DiPI)

Further reading

[edit]
  • droga in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

Anagrams

[edit]

Kashubian

[edit]

Alternative forms

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

    Inherited from Proto-Slavic *dòrga.

    Pronunciation

    [edit]
    • IPA(key): /ˈdrɔ.ɡa/
    • Rhymes: -ɔɡa
    • Syllabification: dro‧ga

    Noun

    [edit]

    droga f (diminutive dróżka, augmentative drodzëskò or drożëszcze, related adjective drogòwi or drożny)

    1. road, way; path (way used for travelling between places)
    2. way (direction of movement)

    Further reading

    [edit]
    • Stefan Ramułt (1893), “droga”, in Słownik języka pomorskiego czyli kaszubskiego (in Kashubian), page 30
    • Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011), “droga”, in Słownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi[2], volume 1, page 331
    • droga”, in Internetowi Słowôrz Kaszëbsczégò Jãzëka [Internet Dictionary of the Kashubian Language], Fundacja Kaszuby, 2022

    Lower Sorbian

    [edit]

    Etymology 1

    [edit]

    Inherited from Proto-Slavic *dorga.

    Pronunciation

    [edit]

    Noun

    [edit]

    droga f (diminutive drožka)

    1. street
    2. road
    Declension
    [edit]
    Derived terms
    [edit]

    References

    [edit]
    • Gunter Schaarschmidt, A Historical Phonology of the Upper and Lower Sorbian Languages (1998), page 45: USo dróha 'road', also droha, LSo droga;

    Etymology 2

    [edit]

    Borrowed from German Droge, from French drogue, from Middle Low German droge (dry).

    Pronunciation

    [edit]
    • IPA(key): /ˈdrɔwɡa/, [ˈdrowɡa]

    Noun

    [edit]

    droga f

    1. drug
    Declension
    [edit]
    Derived terms
    [edit]

    Etymology 3

    [edit]

    See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

    Pronunciation

    [edit]

    Adjective

    [edit]

    droga

    1. feminine nominative singular of drogi

    Further reading

    [edit]
    • Muka, Arnošt (1921, 1928), “droga”, in Słownik dolnoserbskeje rěcy a jeje narěcow (in German), St. Petersburg, Prague: ОРЯС РАН, ČAVU; Reprinted Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag, 2008
    • Starosta, Manfred (1999), “droga”, in Dolnoserbsko-nimski słownik / Niedersorbisch-deutsches Wörterbuch (in German), Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag

    Norwegian Nynorsk

    [edit]

    Alternative forms

    [edit]

    Noun

    [edit]

    droga m or f

    1. definite feminine singular of droge

    Old Polish

    [edit]

    Alternative forms

    [edit]

    Etymology

    [edit]

      Inherited from Proto-Slavic *dòrga. First attested in the 14th century.

      Pronunciation

      [edit]
      • IPA(key): (10th–15th CE) /drɔɡa/
      • IPA(key): (15th CE) /drɔɡa/

      Noun

      [edit]

      droga f

      1. (attested in Lesser Poland, Greater Poland) road, way; path (way used for travelling between places)
        • c. 1301-1350, Kazania świętokrzyskiescan transliteration, transcription, Miechów, page br 22:
          Slepy... sedese... podle drogy
          [Ślepy... siedziesze... podle drogi]
        • 1916 [second half of the 15th century], Stanisław Słoński, editor, Psałterz puławskiscan transliteration, transcription, number Hab 23, Greater Poland:
          Drogy vczynyl yes w morzu konyom twoym w blocze wod wyelya (viam fecisti in mari equis tuis in luto aquarum multarum Hab 3, 15)
          [Drogę uczynił jeś w morzu koniom twoim w błocie wod wiela (viam fecisti in mari equis tuis in luto aquarum multarum Hab 3, 15)]
        • 1901 [1471], Materiały i Prace Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności w Krakowie, volume V, page 87:
          Droga, stopa vestigium (beatus, qui in istis versatur bonis: ... Si enim haec fecerit, ad omnia valebit, quia lux dei vestigium eius est Ecclus 50, 31)
          [Droga, stopa vestigium (beatus, qui in istis versatur bonis: ... Si enim haec fecerit, ad omnia valebit, quia lux dei vestigium eius est Ecclus 50, 31)]
        • 1868 [1492], Akta grodzkie i ziemskie z czasów Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej : z archiwum tak zwanego bernardyńskiego we Lwowie w skutek fundacyi śp. Alexandra hr. Stadnickiego[3], volume XIX (quotation in Old Polish; overall work in Polish, Latin, and Old Polish), page 540:
          Pervenimus in viam slodzeyska droga
          [Pervenimus in viam złodziejska droga]
      2. (attested in Lesser Poland) way (manner of doing things)
      3. (attested in Lesser Poland, Masovia) passage, via
        • End of the 14th century, Spowiedź powszechna - Confessio generalis, number 1:
          Szpowadami szø..., yszeszmi... podrosznika na nocz ne polozili any yemw drogy ne wkazali
          [Spowiadamy się..., iżesmy... podrożnika na noc nie położyli ani jemu drogi nie ukazali]
        • 1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter]‎scan transliteration, transcription, numbers 77, 55, Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament]:
          Drogø vczinil sczdze gnewu swemu (viam fecit semitae irae suae)
          [Drogę uczynił scdze gniewu swego (viam fecit semitae irae suae)]
        • 1895 [1448–1450], Mikołaj Suled, edited by Franciszek Piekosiński, Tłumaczenia polskie statutów ziemskich, Kodeks Świętosławów, Warka, page 19:
          Przeczywko kvpyąnczemv dzedzyną blyszszy do trzech lyaath... czynycz maya, bo potheem dawnoscz gym drogą zastąnpy (alias praescriptio eis obviabit)
          [Przeciwko kupiącemu dziedzinę bliższy do trzech lat... czynić mają, bo potem dawność jim drogę zastąpi (alias praescriptio eis obviabit)]
      4. distance
        • 1930 [c. 1455], “Ex”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka)transliteration, transcription, 8, 27:
          Drogøø trzech dny mami gidz na puszczyøø (viam trium dierum pergemus in solitudinem), a tu offyerowacz bødzemy panu bogu naszemu
          [Drogę trzech dni mamy jić na puszczą (viam trium dierum pergemus in solitudinem) a tu ofierować będziemy Panu Bogu naszemu]
      5. (attested in Lesser Poland) journey, trip, travel
        • 1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter]‎scan transliteration, transcription, number 79,10, Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament]:
          Vodz drogi bil ies w obezrzeniu iey (dux itineris fuisti in conspectu eius)
          [Wodz drogi był jeś w obeźrzeniu jej (dux itineris fuisti in conspectu eius)]
      6. The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:
        1. vestige, remnant, trace
          • 1901 [1471], Materiały i Prace Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności w Krakowie, volume V, page 13:
            Droga vestigium (et ecce has sequebantur aliae septem boves..., quae devoratis et consumptis prioribus, nullum saturitatis dedere vestigium, sed simili macie et squalore torpebant Gen 41, 21)
            [Droga vestigium (et ecce has sequebantur aliae septem boves..., quae devoratis et consumptis prioribus, nullum saturitatis dedere vestigium, sed simili macie et squalore torpebant Gen 41, 21)]
      7. probably a corruption of dęga; rainbow
        • 1901 [1471], Materiały i Prace Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności w Krakowie, volume V, page 87:
          Drogą arcus (et quasi sol refulgens, sic ille effulsit in templo dei, quasi arcus refulgens inter nebulas gloriae et quasi flos rosarum in diebus vernis Ecclus 50, 8)
          [Droga arcus (et quasi sol refulgens, sic ille effulsit in templo dei, quasi arcus refulgens inter nebulas gloriae et quasi flos rosarum in diebus vernis Ecclus 50, 8)]
      8. corruption
        • 1930 [c. 1455], “Deut”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka)transliteration, transcription, 19, 3:
          Zrownasz pilnye drogø zemye, a na trzi drogy (pro części) rownye wszitkø kragina twø rosdzelisz (sternens diligenter viam et in tres aequaliter partes totam terrae tuae provinciam divides, Biblia ołomuniecka: zrownasz pilnye cziestu zemy, a na trzy cziesty rownye... rozdyelisz)
          [Zrownasz pilnie drogę ziemie a na trzy drogi rownie wszytkę krajinę twą rozdzielisz (sternens diligenter viam et in tres aequaliter partes totam terrae tuae provinciam divides, Biblia ołomuniecka: zrownasz pilnye cziestu zemy, a na trzy cziesty rownye... rozdyelisz)]

      Descendants

      [edit]
      • Polish: droga
      • Silesian: (through dróga) drōga

      References

      [edit]
      • Boryś, Wiesław (2005), “droga”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN
      • Sławski, Franciszek (1958-1965), “droga”, in Jan Safarewicz, Andrzej Siudut, editors, Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego [Etymological dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), Kraków: Towarzystwo Miłośników Języka Polskiego
      • Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000), “droga”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)
      • B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “droga”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN

      Polish

      [edit]
      Polish Wikipedia has an article on:
      Wikipedia pl

      Etymology 1

      [edit]

        Inherited from Old Polish droga.

        Pronunciation

        [edit]
         
        • Audio 1:(file)
        • Audio 2:(file)
        • Rhymes: -ɔɡa
        • Syllabification: dro‧ga

        Noun

        [edit]

        droga f (diminutive dróżka or (dialectal) dróżenka or (dialectal) drożyca or (dialectal) drożyna, augmentative (dialectal) drózisko)

        1. road (surface with asphalt or concrete and designed to accommodate many vehicles travelling in both directions)
          1. (Podlachia) village road
        2. road, way; path; directions (way used for travelling between places)
          Synonym: trasa
        3. journey, trip, travel
          Synonyms: podróż, wędrówka
        4. way; road (series of events and actions that give a certain effect) [with do (+ genitive) ‘to what’]
          Synonym: ścieżka
        5. (bureaucracy) way; recourse (manner of doing things set by regulations)
        6. (technology) road; highway (means of connecting devices so that they may intercommunicate)
        7. (anatomy) tract (series of connected body organs, such as the digestive tract)
        8. way; path (course of someone's life, related to professional activity or interests)
        9. way (manner of behaving)
        10. (Podlachia, Kuzawka, Northern Borderlands, Brest, Neman river) depth of a river; flow
        11. (Near Masovian, Radzyń Podlaski County) type of pattern on a pysanka
        12. (obsolete) description of a trip
        13. (obsolete, astronomy) orbit of a planet
        14. (obsolete, physics) distance travelled by a body
        15. (Middle Polish, law) legal process; court
        Declension
        [edit]
        Alternative forms
        [edit]
        Derived terms
        [edit]
        interjection
        preposition

        Trivia

        [edit]

        According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), droga is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 67 times in scientific texts, 61 times in news, 93 times in essays, 92 times in fiction, and 53 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 366 times, making it the 136th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[1]

        Etymology 2

        [edit]

        See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

        Pronunciation

        [edit]
         
        • Audio 1:(file)
        • Audio 2:(file)
        • Rhymes: -ɔɡa
        • Syllabification: dro‧ga

        Adjective

        [edit]

        droga

        1. feminine nominative/vocative singular of drogi

        References

        [edit]
        1. ^ Ida Kurcz (1990), “droga”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language]‎[1] (in Polish), volume 1, Kraków; Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 92

        Further reading

        [edit]

        Portuguese

        [edit]

        Pronunciation

        [edit]
         

        Etymology 1

        [edit]

        From French drogue, from Middle French drogue, from Old French drogue, from drocgue, possibly from Middle Dutch droge (dry).

        Noun

        [edit]

        droga f (plural drogas)

        1. drug (substance used to treat an illness or relieve a symptom)
          Synonyms: fármaco, mezinha, remédio, medicamento
        2. drug (psychoactive substance, especially one which is illegal and addictive)
        3. (Brazil, informal) crap (something of poor quality)
          Synonyms: bosta, lixo, merda, porcaria
          Essa droga não funciona!
          That crap doesn't work!
        Derived terms
        [edit]

        Interjection

        [edit]

        droga!

        1. (Brazil) damn! (expresses anger or irritation)
          Synonyms: (vulgar) bosta, (vulgar) merda, porcaria, meleca

        Etymology 2

        [edit]

        See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

        Verb

        [edit]

        droga

        1. inflection of drogar:
          1. third-person singular present indicative
          2. second-person singular imperative

        Further reading

        [edit]

        Romanian

        [edit]

        Etymology

        [edit]

        Borrowed from French droguer. By surface analysis, drog +‎ -a.

        Pronunciation

        [edit]

        Verb

        [edit]

        a droga (third-person singular present droghează, past participle drogat) 1st conjugation

        1. to drug

        Conjugation

        [edit]

        Derived terms

        [edit]

        Further reading

        [edit]

        Serbo-Croatian

        [edit]

        Etymology

        [edit]

        Borrowed from German Droge, from French drogue.

        Pronunciation

        [edit]
        • IPA(key): /drǒːɡa/
        • Hyphenation: dro‧ga

        Noun

        [edit]

        dróga f (Cyrillic spelling дро́га)

        1. drug (illegal or intoxicating)

        Declension

        [edit]
        Declension of droga
        singular plural
        nominative droga droge
        genitive droge droga
        dative drogi drogama
        accusative drogu droge
        vocative drogo droge
        locative drogi drogama
        instrumental drogom drogama

        Spanish

        [edit]
        Spanish Wikipedia has an article on:
        Wikipedia es

        Pronunciation

        [edit]
        • IPA(key): /ˈdɾoɡa/ [ˈd̪ɾo.ɣ̞a]
        • Rhymes: -oɡa
        • Syllabification: dro‧ga

        Etymology 1

        [edit]

        Borrowed from French drogue, from Middle French drogue, from Middle Dutch droge (dry).

        Noun

        [edit]

        droga f (plural drogas)

        1. drug
          Synonym: narcótico
          Has tomado drogas antes?
          Have you done drugs before?
          En algunos países, las farmacias venden medicamentos sin receta, como si fueran drogas.
          (please add an English translation of this usage example)
          • 2025 June 28, Sean Lyngaas, “El cártel de Sinaloa rastreó con un hacker a un funcionario del FBI y mató a posibles informantes, según Gobierno de EE.UU.”, in CNN en Español[6]:
            Un cártel de droga mexicano contrató a un hacker para vigilar los movimientos de un alto funcionario del FBI en Ciudad de México en 2018 o incluso antes, recopilando información del sistema de cámaras de la ciudad que permitió al cártel matar a posibles informantes del FBI, según dijo en un nuevo informe el inspector general del Departamento de Justicia.
            (please add an English translation of this quotation)
        2. (Mexico) indebtedness, debt
          Synonyms: endeudamiento, deuda
        Derived terms
        [edit]

        Etymology 2

        [edit]

        Verb

        [edit]

        droga

        1. inflection of drogar:
          1. third-person singular present indicative
          2. second-person singular imperative

        Further reading

        [edit]

        Anagrams

        [edit]

        Swedish

        [edit]

        Etymology

        [edit]

        drog +‎ -a

        Verb

        [edit]

        droga (present drogar, preterite drogade, supine drogat, imperative droga)

        1. (sometimes with ner) to drug (someone); to fool someone into taking drugs, especially sleeping pills or similar
        2. (colloquial, intransitive) to do drugs

        Usage notes

        [edit]

        Taking drugs is sometimes expressed as "droga ner sig" (drug oneself down).

        Conjugation

        [edit]
        Conjugation of droga (weak)
        active passive
        infinitive droga drogas
        supine drogat drogats
        imperative droga
        imper. plural1 drogen
        present past present past
        indicative drogar drogade drogas drogades
        ind. plural1 droga drogade drogas drogades
        subjunctive2 droge drogade droges drogades
        present participle drogande
        past participle drogad

        1 Archaic. 2 Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.

        References

        [edit]

        Anagrams

        [edit]

        Tagalog

        [edit]

        Etymology

        [edit]

        Borrowed from Spanish droga (drug), from French drogue, from Middle French drogue, from Middle Dutch droge.

        Pronunciation

        [edit]

        Noun

        [edit]

        droga (Baybayin spelling ᜇ᜔ᜇᜓᜄ)

        1. (dated) drug (any substance used to treat an illness)
          Synonyms: gamot, medisina, remedyo
        2. drug (typically illegal psychoactive substance)

        Derived terms

        [edit]
        [edit]

        See also

        [edit]

        Further reading

        [edit]
        • droga”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, 2018

        Anagrams

        [edit]