close
Streets shall be located and aligned to conform to the Infrastructure Master Plan of the City. Streets shall be designated and designed according to their expected traffic capacity and function. Streets shall also be designed and constructed to achieve conformance with requirements of the City of Caldwell Subdivision Ordinance.
601.1 
Dedication of Street Rights-of-Way.
a. 
The dedication and/or reservation for acquisition of pedestrian and/or vehicular rights-of-way shall be required of owners or developers of properties. This is necessary and desirable to lessen or control the impact upon the transportation system created by development.
b. 
Street right-of-way widths shall meet the requirements established in the subdivision ordinance. Minimum required right-of-way shall be determined by the functional classification of the road.
c. 
Street right-of-way shall be either dedicated by plat or deed to the city or the anticipated right-of-way area shall be reserved for future acquisition. If reserved for future acquisition, no physical improvements such as buildings, parking lots, landscaping or stormwater facilities shall be allowed within the area so reserved. All setbacks shall be calculated from the anticipated right-of-way line.
(Ordinance 122110-B adopted 1/18/11)
602.1 
Direct Public Access.
All public streets shall have direct access to another public street.
602.2 
Primary Access.
Primary access to large subdivisions, commercial tracts and industrial tracts shall be provided from public streets designed to carry fairly high traffic loads such as arterials and collectors. Residential tracts shall be protected from the adverse effects of through traffic by locating lots facing local streets.
602.3 
Points of Access.
A street system shall be provided within the development with at least one (1) point of access to a public street adjacent to the development: provided, however, that developments containing fifty (50) dwelling units or more shall provide at least two (2) points of access to adjacent public streets.
(Ordinance 122110-B adopted 1/18/11)
a. 
A design for the system of streets shall be submitted with the preliminary plat. Certain streets should be planned to carry large volumes of through traffic (arterials, collectors) while other streets (locals) should be laid out to provide access within a development. Arterial and collector streets, if located within a residential subdivision, should follow the continuity of City streets leading to or from the tract and should provide for extensions into adjacent tracts. The City shall approve the final location of all public streets.
b. 
Local streets shall be designed to service only the development in which they are contained. Local streets shall[:]
(1) 
Create building lots of desirable elevation, size shape and orientation;
(2) 
Discourage through traffic;
(3) 
Insure [ensure] access by firemen, police and other emergency services to all areas of the tract[;] and
(4) 
Insure [ensure] vision clearance.
(Ordinance 122110-B adopted 1/18/11)
604.1 
Local to Collector/Arterial Intersections.
Local streets intersecting a collector or arterial street shall have a tangent section of centerline at least fifty (50) feet in length, measured from the right-of-way line of the higher traffic volume street; however, no such tangent is required if the minor street curve has a centerline radius greater than four hundred (400) feet with the center located in the high traffic volume street right-of-way.
604.2 
Sight Triangle.
a. 
In order to provide a clear view of intersecting streets to the motorist, there shall be a triangular area of clear vision formed by two (2) intersecting streets. The size of the triangular area is based on street classification.
b. 
On any portion of a lot that lies within the triangular area shown in Figure 6-1 [on file in the office of the city secretary], nothing shall be erected, placed, planted or allowed to grow in such a manner as to materially impede vision between a height of three feet (3') and eight feet (8') above the pavement grade at the two (2) street centerlines.
c. 
The triangular area shall be formed by a point on each proposed street right-of-way line located 75, 110 or 150 feet from the intersection of the street right-of-way lines, as indicated in Figure 6-1 [on file in the office of the city secretary], and connected to the intersection point of the twenty-five-foot (25') setback lines.
(Ordinance 122110-B adopted 1/18/11)
On local streets, the property owners may install sidewalks on their respective lot frontages. On arterial and collector streets, the sidewalks shall be installed at the time of street construction by the developer or subdivider.
(Ordinance 122110-B adopted 1/18/11)
The private streets shall be designed and constructed in accordance with this section. Private streets shall be designated by plat and in accordance with the City of Caldwell Subdivision Ordinance.
606.1 
Layout.
The private streets shall be designed to:
a. 
Provide adequate vehicular access to all buildings and facilities within the boundaries of the development;
b. 
Provide adequate interior traffic circulation and access to all buildings by firefighting personnel and equipment;
c. 
Allow for the smooth flow of vehicular traffic, avoiding such traffic hazards as closely off-set intersections[;] and
d. 
Provide direct access to the existing public street system adjacent to the trace boundaries.
606.2 
Access.
Private streets shall serve only the land within each development. Private streets shall not be extended into adjacent tracts under a different ownership or a different property owners association.
606.3 
Design and Construction Standards.
a. 
Design.
Private streets shall be designed according to the geometric and construction standards established for local public streets.
b. 
Private Street Easement Width.
Private streets shall be located within private access easements of sufficient size to accommodate the private streets and related construction and maintenance activities.
c. 
Cul-de-Sac and Dead Ends.
Cul-de-sac and dead-end private streets shall be terminated by a circular turnaround.
d. 
Construction.
Private streets shall be constructed according to the standards for pavement and base for local streets as contained herein.
606.4 
Street Lighting.
Adequate lighting shall be provided along all private streets so spaced and equipped with luminaries at such mounting heights as will provide the average levels of illumination as defined herein.
(Ordinance 122110-B adopted 1/18/11)
607.1 
Public streets shall be named in conformance with the following considerations:
a. 
Names of new streets, not extensions of existing streets, shall not duplicate any existing street name in the City.
b. 
If a new street is a direct or logical extension of an existing street, the existing street name shall be used.
c. 
Street name suffixes such as place, court, circle and loop shall be designated on streets that are cul-de-sac or loop streets. Suffixes such as boulevard, parkway, expressway and drive shall be confined to designated arterial or collector streets. Suffixes such as highway or freeway shall be used only on designated highways or freeways falling under the jurisdiction of the Texas Department of Transportation.
d. 
Street name prefixes such as North, South, East and West may be used to clarify the general location of the street; however, such prefixes shall be consistent with the existing and established street naming and address numbering system of the general area in which the street is located.
e. 
Alphabetical and numerical street names shall not be designated on any development plan unless the street is a direct extension of an existing street with that name.
f. 
Street names shall fit in with the names of existing streets in the area, and should, if possible, be named in a manner to provide direction to the general public (i.e., Park Street, Church Street).
g. 
Streets should not be named as a memorial to or in honor of a person either living or deceased unless the person being so honored has, in the opinion of the Board of Aldermen, made significant contributions to the betterment of the City, State, or Nation. Streets, once named, may not be renamed without a 3/4 majority of the Board of Aldermen.
h. 
Coordinate street names with the local 911 plan.
607.2 
Private Street Names.
a. 
Private street names shall conform to the same standards applicable to public street names and the following additional criteria:
(1) 
Signs shall be provided for all private streets; the signs shall conform in size, height and material to City standards.
(2) 
Private streets shall be designated as lanes and the suffix “PRIVATE” shall be an integral part of any street sign [example: ROSE LANE (PRIVATE)].
(3) 
The background color for any private street sign shall be blue.
b. 
No private street name shall be changed without approval of the City.
c. 
No private street sign shall be installed without the approval of the City.
d. 
Private street signs not established in conformance with the provisions of this section and installed within the right-of-way of any public street may be removed from the public street right-of-way without notice.
(Ordinance 122110-B adopted 1/18/11)
Public streets shall be designed according to the minimum cross-sections shown in Figures 6-2 through 6-5 [on file in the office of the city secretary].
(Ordinance 122110-B adopted 1/18/11)
All public streets shall be constructed in accordance with the City’s Standard Details and Standard Specifications.
609.1 
Noncurb and Gutter Alternative for Local Residential Streets.
Noncurbed and guttered paved streets may be provided in residential subdivisions as defined in the City of Caldwell Subdivision Ordinance.
609.2 
Pavement With Alternatives for Local Commercial Streets.
With City approval, local commercial streets may be constructed with reduced pavement width if “No Parking” signs are furnished and installed in accordance with City standards. Pavement width may be reduced to a minimum of twenty-eight feet (28'), back of curb to back of curb; provided, however, that increased driveway and intersection radii may be required for truck turning movements.
609.3 
Pavement Alternative for Low Density, Rural Subdivisions.
Residential subdivisions located in the extraterritorial jurisdiction (ETJ) of the City may provide streets constructed according to the rural street standards contained in Figure 6-5 [on file in the office of the city secretary].
TABLE 6-3 GEOMETRIC DESIGN CRITERIA FOR PUBLIC STREETS
STANDARD CATEGORY
STREET CLASSIFICATION
ARTERIAL
COLLECTOR
LOCAL
Maximum Grade (in %)
6(1)
8(1)
10
Minimum Grade (in %)
0.35
0.35
0.35
Minimum Center Line Curve Radius (in feet)
1,000
800
300
Minimum Length of Vertical Curves (in feet)(2)
300
100
100
Minimum Sight Distance (in feet)
400
250
250
Minimum Tangent Length Between Curves (in Feet)
300
200
100
Curb Return Radii (in feet)(3)
30
25
20
(1)
Where existing topography makes conformance to these grades impractical consideration may be given to allowing an additional two percent (2%) increase in grade for a distance of five hundred feet (500') or less.
(2)
Arterial - or fifty (50) times the algebraic difference in grades; whichever is greater. Collector or local - or twenty (20) times the algebraic difference in grades; whichever is greater.
(3)
Acute angle intersection shall have twenty-five-foot (25') radii.
(4)
Alternative designs using superelevation and other generally accepted transportation methods to reduce radii will be considered by the City on a case-by-case basis.
(Ordinance 122110-B adopted 1/18/11)
610.1 
Engineered Design of Street Structural Section.
a. 
Except as provided by Section 611.2 [610.2], a registered engineer shall design the street structural sections (structural thickness) in accordance with:
(1) 
American Association of State Highway & Transportation Officials (AASHTO), Flexible-Pavement Design Method;
(2) 
Asphalt Institute Design Method;
(3) 
Portland Cement Association, Rigid Pavement Design Method[;] or
(4) 
Any other design methods not specifically mentioned in this manual may be used, with prior approval of the City.
b. 
The street structural section design shall be based on the total number and weight (plus configuration) of the axles expected to go over the street section during a design life of twenty (20) years. The concept of “Equivalent Axle Loadings” shall be used to express the total number and mixture of loadings that will occur during the street section’s expected life. If a roadway is proposed, it will be designated as an arterial, collector or local and the street structural section design shall be based on the loadings shown in Table 6-4, Street Design by Equivalent Axle Loads.
TABLE 6-4 STREET DESIGN BY EQUIVALENT AXLE LOADS
(20-YEAR DESIGN LIFE)
STREET CLASSIFICATION
AXLE LOADS EQUIVALENT TO 18,000 LBS.
Arterial
5,000,000
Collector
400,000
Local (Commercial/Industrial)
Local (Residential)
400,000
9,000
610.2 
Standard Structural Section Design for Paved Local Streets.
In lieu of a designed street structural section, local street pavement sections may be designed as follows:
a. 
One- and one-half-inch (1.5") hot mix asphaltic concrete (H.M.A.C.), six-inch (6") flexible base, six-inch (6") stabilized subgrade, where necessary.
b. 
Six-inch (6") H.M.A.C., six-inch (6") stabilized subgrade, where necessary.
c. 
Six-inch (6") reinforced Portland cement concrete, six-inch (6") stabilized subgrade, where necessary.
610.3 
Soils Testing and Subgrade Stabilization.
a. 
A soil test report for each 1,000 square yards of paved surface proposed or for each type of soil encountered in the subgrade shall be submitted to the City.
b. 
The following data as part of the soil test report shall be submitted to the City:
(1) 
Soil classification;
(2) 
Optimum moisture/density (Modified Proctor, ASTM D-1557);
(3) 
Atterberg Liquid Limits and Plasticity Index (P.I.)[;]
(4) 
Stabilization requirements for subgrade soil (percent lime for clay or percent cement for sandy soils), if street structural section is to be designed by an engineer;
(5) 
All tests shall be performed by a certified testing laboratory.
c. 
All subgrade soils with a P.I. of seventeen (17) or more shall be stabilized.
(1) 
If the standard structural section design for paved local streets is used, five percent (5%) lime by weight may be used; otherwise,
(2) 
A certified testing laboratory shall conduct lime (or other approved material) series test to determine the percent of stabilizing agent necessary to lower the P.I. below seventeen (17).
d. 
All subgrade soils with a P.I. under seventeen (17) shall be stabilized with five percent (5%) by weight Portland cement.
e. 
Subgrade soils evaluation shall generally apply to the top six inches (6") of soil measured down from the proposed subgrade surface.
610.4 
Other Basic Criteria.
a. 
All subgrade materials shall be compacted to ninety-five percent (95%) relative density, Standard Proctor Test (ASTM D-698).
b. 
All individual layers of base and paving materials shall be compacted to ninety-five percent (95%) relative density, Modified Proctor Test (ASTM D-1557).
c. 
The total design thickness of the street structural section shall be rounded up to the nearest whole inch.
d. 
The total thickness of an asphaltic concrete pavement may be divided into different grades of material. Unless otherwise approved by the City, Type “D” Hot Mix Asphaltic Concrete (H.M.A.C.) per Item 340 Texas Department of Transportation Standard Specifications, shall be used for a surface course.
e. 
Asphaltic concrete pavement shall be laid in lifts of no more than three (3) or less than one and one-half (1-1/2) inches each, unless otherwise approved by the City.
f. 
The area shall be completely cleared and grubbed within the street right-of-way prior to construction of any street improvements.
g. 
The design requirements set forth in this chapter are minimum design standards. The City reserves the right to require additional precautions or treatments consistent with sound engineering practice to provide for conditions not specifically covered herein.
h. 
Any other design methods not specifically mentioned in this document may be used with prior approval by the City.
610.5 
Construction Quality Control and Material Testing.
Construction quality control and material testing shall be performed and the results shall be provided to the City to verify acceptability of specific work.
a. 
All tests and retests shall be by an approved commercial testing laboratory. All related costs shall be the developer’s responsibility.
b. 
Copies of all materials test reports shall be submitted to the City.
c. 
Subgrade shall be tested a minimum of every three hundred feet (300') for density and depth. The job mix formula shall be designed in accordance with Texas Department of Transportation standards.
d. 
Hot mix shall be tested a minimum of every three hundred feet (300') for density and depth. The job mix formula shall be designed in accordance with Texas Department of Transportation standards.
e. 
Surface course thickness shall be tested by the coring method.
f. 
Concrete shall be tested for compressive strength at seven (7) and twenty-eight (28) days. One (1) set of cylinders [three (3)] shall be tested for each 1,000 square yards of pavement. Structures shall be tested on the basis of one (1) set per one hundred (100) cubic yards.
g. 
Concrete pavement shall be tested by coring a minimum of every 1,000 feet for thickness. A minimum of three (3) tests is required.
(Ordinance 122110-B adopted 1/18/11)
611.1 
Location.
Streetlights shall be installed at all street intersections, at the end of all cul-de-sac or dead-end streets, and at all significant changes in direction of the roadway. All streetlights shall be installed in accordance to Table 6-5, Street Lighting Intensity.
TABLE 6-5 STREET LIGHTING INTENSITY
STREET CLASSIFICATION
MINIMUM LIGHTING INTENSITY IN FOOTCANDLES (FC) @ PAVEMENT LEVEL
Arterial
1.0
Collector
1.0
Local Commercial
1.0
Local Residential
0.2
Private Street
0.2
611.2 
Installation.
Streetlights shall be mast arm mounted to the light pole. If the electrical system for the development is installed underground, the electrical service to the streetlights shall also be underground. If the electrical system for the development is overhead wires with power poles located along the rear lot lines, the electrical service to the streetlights shall be underground. If the power poles are located adjacent to the street, the electrical service to the streetlights may be overhead and the streetlight mast arms may be mounted on the power poles provided that the required lighting intensity is maintained.
(Ordinance 122110-B adopted 1/18/11)