Andesine
A variety of Albite
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About Andesine
Formula:
(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Colour:
White, gray, green, yellow, flesh-red.
Lustre:
Sub-Vitreous, Pearly
Hardness:
6 - 6½
Crystal System:
Triclinic
Name:
For the Andes Mountains of South America where it is abundant in the lavas.
First Recorded Locality:
A plagioclase feldspar with an albite : anorthite molar ratio ranging from 50 : 50 to 70 : 30.
Originally described from Marmato Mine, Marmato, Cauca, Chocรณ Department, Colombia.
Crystals are rare, to 2 cm; commonly massive, cleavable, or granular. Crystals are commonly twinned after Albite, Pericline, and Carlsbad laws. Also twinned after a law similar to the Manebach law.
Visit gemdat.org for gemological information about Andesine.
Originally described from Marmato Mine, Marmato, Cauca, Chocรณ Department, Colombia.
Crystals are rare, to 2 cm; commonly massive, cleavable, or granular. Crystals are commonly twinned after Albite, Pericline, and Carlsbad laws. Also twinned after a law similar to the Manebach law.
Visit gemdat.org for gemological information about Andesine.Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
220 (as Andesine)
96 (as Albite)
96 (as Albite)
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:220:8 (as Andesine)
mindat:1:1:96:9 (as Albite)
mindat:1:1:96:9 (as Albite)
Similar Names
| Andesite | A rock classification type |
Physical Properties of Andesine
Sub-Vitreous, Pearly
Transparency:
Transparent, Translucent
Colour:
White, gray, green, yellow, flesh-red.
Streak:
White
Hardness:
6 - 6½ on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Perfect
Perfect on {001}, less perfect on {010}; {110} also observed.
Perfect on {001}, less perfect on {010}; {110} also observed.
Fracture:
Irregular/Uneven, Conchoidal
Optical Data of Andesine
Type:
Biaxial (+/-)
RI values:
nα = 1.543 - 1.554 nβ = 1.5469 - 1.5587 nγ = 1.552 - 1.562
2V:
Measured: 76° to 83°, Calculated: 78° to 84°
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.008 - 0.009
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 ยตm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars.
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 ยตm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars.
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Dispersion:
none
Chemistry of Andesine
Mindat Formula:
(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Element Weights:
Crystallography of Andesine
Crystal System:
Triclinic
Class (H-M):
1 - Pinacoidal
Space Group:
P1
Cell Parameters:
a = 8.151(3) Å, b = 12.829(5) Å, c = 14.206(7) Å
α = 93.62(3)°, β = 116.21(2)°, γ = 89.70(2)°
α = 93.62(3)°, β = 116.21(2)°, γ = 89.70(2)°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.635 : 1 : 1.107
Unit Cell V:
1,329.69 ร
ยณ (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
8
Geological Environment
Geological Setting:
Widespread in igneous rocks of intermediate silica content, as syenites and andesites. Characteristic of granulite to amphibolite facies metamorphism, commonly as antiperthite; as detrital grains in sedimentary rocks.
First Recorded Occurrence of Andesine
Synonyms of Andesine
Sodic plagioclase (in part)
Other Language Names for Andesine
Common Associates
Associations Based on Photo Data:
| 18 photos of Andesine associated with Augite | (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 |
| 16 photos of Andesine associated with Ilmenite | Fe2+TiO3 |
| 6 photos of Andesine associated with Calcite | CaCO3 |
| 5 photos of Andesine associated with 'Fayalite-Forsterite Series' | |
| 5 photos of Andesine associated with Quartz | SiO2 |
| 4 photos of Andesine associated with 'Apatite' | Ca5(PO4)3A |
| 4 photos of Andesine associated with Vesuvianite | Ca19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(โป4)โป[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9 |
| 4 photos of Andesine associated with Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| 3 photos of Andesine associated with Diopside | CaMgSi2O6 |
| 3 photos of Andesine associated with Grossular | Ca3Al2(SiO4)3 |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Andesine in petrology
An essential component of rock names highlighted in red, an accessory component in rock names highlighted in green.
Internet Links for Andesine
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-220.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
Search Engines:
Mineral Dealers:
References for Andesine
Reference List:
Muir, I. D. (1955) Transitional optics of some andesines and labradorites. Mineralogical Magazine and Journal of the Mineralogical Society, 30 (228) 545-568 doi:10.1180/minmag.1955.030.228.01
Richet, Pascal, Bottinga, Yan (1984) Anorthite, andesine, wollastonite, diopside, cordierite and pyrope: thermodynamics of melting, glass transitions, and properties of the amorphous phases. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 67 (3) 415-432 doi:10.1016/0012-821x(84)90179-1
Steurer, W.; Jagodzinski, H. (1987) The incommensurately modulated structure of an andesine An38. Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations of Crystallography, 43 (a1). p.C154. doi:10.1107/s0108767387081340
Localities for Andesine
Showing 726 localities.
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
โ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Afghanistan | |
| Waizy et al. (2021) |
Algeria | |
| Oulebsir et al. (2021) |
| Boukaoud et al. (2021) |
| Eur. J. Mineral. |
| Eur. J. Mineral. |
| apports des donnees radiometriques (K/Ar) +6 other references |
Angola | |
| Andrade (note preliminaire) +2 other references |
| Lapido-Loureiro +1 other reference |
Antarctica | |
| Godard et al. (2017) |
| Harrington et al. (1967) +1 other reference |
| Plimer et al. (1983) |
| AmMin 44:439 | |
| Thomson (1974) |
| Dewar (1970) |
| Hawkes |
Argentina | |
| Musso et al. (2022) |
Armenia | |
| Bowell et al. (2021) |
Australia | |
| Hodge-Smith (1924) |
| Brown (1930) +1 other reference |
| Graham et al. (2021) |
| Birch BH Book |
| Teals et al. (2006) | |
| Pearson et al. (1991) |
| Crohn et al. (1984) |
| Mackie (1986) | |
| Sharrad (2012) |
| Sielecki (1988) |
| Rowlands et al. (1972) |
| Thompson (1970) |
| B&B Carney & M. Latham collections |
| Taheri +4 other references |
| Bottrill et al. (2008) |
| Sorrell (n.d.) |
| Sorrell (n.d.) |
| Sorrell (n.d.) | |
| |
| Sorrell (n.d.) |
| Sorrell (n.d.) |
| Sorrell (n.d.) | |
| Sorrell (n.d.) | |
| Sorrell (n.d.) |
| |
| Birch et al. (1982) +1 other reference |
| Sorrell (n.d.) |
| Sutton & Mills (2012) |
| Judy Rowe collection |
| Sorrell (n.d.) |
| Russell (2024) |
| - (Perth 2007) +2 other references |
| Booth (1989) |
| Simpson (1948) |
| Simpson (1948) | |
| Barnes (2007) |
| Simpson et al. (1948) |
Austria | |
| H. Meixner: 32 (3) |
| Niedermayr et al. (1995) |
| Niedermayr et al. (1995) |
| J. E. Zirkl: Der Karinthin 43/44:175-188 (1961) |
| Fechner et al. (1985) |
| Frasl et al. (1965) |
| Sigmund (1937) |
Azerbaijan | |
| Gupta (2015) |
Belgium | |
| Corin (1930) +1 other reference |
| Hatert et al. (2002) | |
| Hatert et al. (2002) |
| Vandendriessche (1941) +1 other reference | |
| de Bรฉthune (1977) +1 other reference | |
Bolivia | |
| Federico Ahlfeld and Alejandro Schneider-Scherbina (1964) |
| Federico Ahlfeld and Alejandro Schneider-Scherbina (1964) | |
| Federico Ahlfeld and Alejandro Schneider-Scherbina (1964) | |
| Federico Ahlfeld and Alejandro Schneider-Scherbina (1964) | |
Brazil | |
| de Paula Garcia et al. (2018) |
| de Paula Garcia et al. (2018) | |
| de Paula Garcia et al. (2018) | |
| de Paula Garcia et al. (2018) |
| Jost et al. (2001) |
| Campos et al. (2022) |
| Candia et al. (1997) |
| Lopes et al. (2024) |
| Lobato et al. (2001) +1 other reference |
| Jour. of South American Earth Sci. ... | |
| Cassedanne et al. |
| Campo Rodriguez et al. (2024) |
| Salgado et al. (2019) |
| Fernandes et al. (2023) |
| Smith et al. (1933) +9 other references |
| Massuda et al. (2020) +1 other reference |
Bulgaria | |
| Georgieva et al. (2023) |
| Georgieva et al. (2023) | |
Canada | |
| personal correspondence with Giles ... |
| albite alunite andalusite andesine ... |
| Montgomery (n.d.) |
| personal correspondence with Giles ... |
| Montgomery (n.d.) | |
| Peatfield (n.d.) |
| Peatfield (n.d.) | |
| Rubingh et al. (2024) |
| Rubingh et al. (2024) | |
| Lemanski (n.d.) |
| Pe-Piper et al. (2024) |
| Badham et al. (1980) |
| Peatfield (n.d.) |
| Turner et al. (2001) |
| Eur. Jour. Min. 13 (2001) |
| Masson et al. (1981) |
| Tilley |
| Brand et al. (2009) |
| Selway (1993) |
| Riverin et al. (1980) |
| Lemanski (n.d.) |
| Charlier et al. (2010) |
| Perreault (2003) | |
| SIGEOM systeme d'information geominiere ... | |
| Perreault (2003) | |
| Perreault (2003) | |
| SIGEOM systeme d'information geominiere ... | |
| Perreault (2003) | |
| Perreault (2003) | |
| Sabina (1986) +1 other reference |
| Horvรกth et al. (2000) +1 other reference |
| Diniz (2019) |
| Morisset CE (2001) |
| Eur. J. Mineral. |
| Beaudin et al. (2024) |
| Beaudin et al. (2024) | |
| Perrault et al. (1982) |
Cape Verde | |
| Bebiano (1932) +1 other reference |
Central America | |
| Bateson et al. (1970) | |
Chad | |
| Olivier et al. (2021) |
| Vincent (Sahara du Tchad) +4 other references |
Chile | |
| Petrov (n.d.) |
| Econ Geol (1995) |
China | |
| Kang et al. (2026) |
| Tian et al. (2023) |
| Teng et al. (2025) |
| Juyun Gu et al. (1984) |
| Zheng et al. (2015) |
| Zhang et al. (2026) |
| Jian Shao et al. (2004) |
| Qiu et al. (2024) |
| Zhang et al. (2023) |
| Wei et al. (2024) |
| Donghong Liu (2009) |
| Fushan Wang (1991) |
| Fushan Wang (1991) | |
| Hong et al. (2025) |
| Qing-chang (1981) |
| Yiming Zhao et al. (2008) |
| Dazhong Zheng and Ruofeng Zheng (2005) |
| Xu et al. (2022) |
| Zongyao et al. (2005) |
| Zhang +1 other reference |
| Zhang +1 other reference | |
| Zhang | |
| Fu et al. (2026) |
| Liaoning Province Metallurgical and Geological Exploration Company Geophysical Team and Joint Study Group No. 102 (1980) |
| Bao et al. (2026) |
| Miao Yu et al. (2013) |
| Huiwen Liu et al. (2014) |
| Licheng Tang (1989) +1 other reference |
| Yijun Zhou et al. (2002) |
| Yang et al. (2006) +1 other reference |
| Qiu et al. (2017) |
| Yan Liu et al. (2010) |
| Xiaoping Luo et al. (2009) |
| Jiang +3 other references |
| Ren et al. (2022) |
| Fengmei Chai et al. (2006) |
| Ma et al. (2024) | |
| Zhiyong Jia et al. (2009) |
Colombia (FRL) | |
| Tassinari et al. (2008) |
Cuba | |
| Roesler (1917) |
| Roesler (1917) |
| Roesler (1917) | |
| Roesler (1917) | |
| Roesler (1917) | |
| Roesler (1917) | |
Czech Republic | |
| Zemek +5 other references |
| |
| Ulrych J. (Orlickรฉ hory) |
| Beran (Ag, Au, Co) +2 other references |
| Matรฝsek et al. (2018) |
| Fojt et al. (1994) |
| J. Kotkova |
| pruvodce.geol.morava.sci.muni.cz (2007) |
| Houzar | |
| Ulrych et al. (1989) |
| Ulrych et al. (1983) +11 other references |
| Dolnรญฤek Z et al. (2020) |
| Ackerman et al. (2025) |
| Houzar +5 other references |
| Cempรญrek | |
Ecuador | |
| Alejandro Felix |
Egypt | |
| El-Desoky et al. (2023) |
| Akaad et al. (South-eastern desert of Egypt) +10 other references | |
| Zoheir et al. (2014) | |
| El Ramly +4 other references | |
| El Ramly et al. (1969) +4 other references | |
| Zoheir et al. (2020) | |
| Shalan (2021) |
| Zoheir (2008) |
El Salvador | |
| ... |
Estonia | |
| Sophie Graul |
| - (2026) | |
Ethiopia | |
| Barberi et al. (1972) +3 other references |
| Barberi et al. (1973) | |
| exemple de l'Afar. Bulletin de la Sociรฉtรฉ Gรฉologique de France (5-6) +8 other references |
| Tazieff et al. (decembre 67-fevrier 68) +4 other references | |
| Brotzu et al. (Main Ethiopian Rift) +3 other references |
Eurasian Plate | |
| Sun et al. (2020) |
Finland | |
| Lemanski (n.d.) |
France | |
| Bull. Soc. Franรง. Minรฉralo. ... |
| Bull. Soc. Franรง. Minรฉralo. ... |
| Bull. Soc. Franรง. Minรฉralo. ... |
| Forestier et al. (1969) |
| B +1 other reference |
| Brousse +31 other references |
| J. Bertaux |
| Brousse +27 other references |
| Bailey +15 other references | |
| G. Demarcq |
| G. Demarcq |
| F. Andrรฉ and J. Bรฉhien |
| F. Andrรฉ and J. Bรฉhien | |
| F. Andrรฉ and J. Bรฉhien | |
| F. Andrรฉ and J. Bรฉhien | |
| F. Andrรฉ and J. Bรฉhien |
| Jeremine (1959) +1 other reference |
| Chubb et al. (1927) +8 other references | |
| Chubb et al. (1927) +1 other reference |
| Blanchard et al. (1981) +2 other references | |
| Kuntz et al. (2025) |
| Bull. Minรฉral. |
| J.P. Couturiรฉ : "Le Massif Granitique de La Margeride (Massif Central Franรงais) |
| P. Andrieux |
| Bรฉziat |
| Mari et al. (1979) |
Germany | |
| Habel (2009) |
| Weiร (1990) |
| Obermรผller (1993) |
| Wittern (2001) |
| |
| Oehm et al. (1983) +6 other references |
| Brauns (1922) |
| Brauns (1922) |
| Brauns (1922) |
| Brauns (1922) |
| Brauns (1922) |
Greece | |
| Hanke (1996) |
| Melfos +12 other references |
| Vason et al. (1993) |
| Liati et al. (1994) |
| Kevrekidis et al. (2024) |
Greenland | |
| Harry et al. (1964) |
Honduras | |
| ... |
Hungary | |
| Kohรบt et al. (2019) |
| Alwani et al. (2025) |
| |
Iceland | |
| Blake (1966) |
India | |
| Narayanan Kutty et al. (1977) |
| Sarkar et al. (1996) |
| Mallik (1968) |
| Das et al. (2024) |
| Sarkar et al. (1980) |
| Rout et al. (2022) |
| Anand et al. (2022) |
| Sahu et al. (2026) |
Indian Ocean | |
| Maciฤ g et al. (2019) | |
| D. Besse et al. |
Indonesia | |
| Iddings (1913) |
| Smithsonian |
Iran | |
| Mehrabi et al. (2016) |
Iraq | |
| Al-Hermezi et al. (1986) |
Italy | |
| Eur. J. Mineral. |
| [Lapis 1994:5 p.13-23 |
| De Stefani (1905) +22 other references | |
| DโAntonio et al. (1994) +4 other references | |
| Civetta et al. (1981) +7 other references |
| Barberi et al. (1984) +5 other references |
| F. Bakos |
| Bassani U. et al. (Ossola, Novara) |
| Rivalenti (1968) |
| Rossi (1968) +1 other reference |
| Franciosi et al. (2019) |
| Stara et al. (1999) |
| Sturiale (1968) +1 other reference |
| Sturiale (1961) +1 other reference | |
| Rottura et al. (1993) |
| Civetta L. et al. (1998) |
Ivory Coast | |
| Coulibaly et al. (2025) |
Japan | |
| Kuno (1960) +1 other reference |
| Myint (1996) |
| Huzita (1971) |
| Huzita (1971) | |
| Kato (2012) |
| Tokiko Tiba (1989) |
| Tokiko Tiba (1989) | |
| Miyashiro (1956) | |
| Sadanaga et al. (1974) +1 other reference |
| Chudoba & Engels analysis (in DHZ) | |
| Matsueda (1980) |
| Tomita (1936) +5 other references |
| Masaru Yamaguchi (1964) | |
| analyses by Prof Seiichiro Uehara |
| classic specimens widely distributed in ... +2 other references |
| Gordon A. MacDonald (1948) | |
| Gordon A. MacDonald (1948) | |
| - (n.d.) |
| Kato (2009) |
Kazakhstan | |
| Evseev (1995) |
Kenya | |
| Deines et al. (1973) +7 other references |
| Baker (1963) +1 other reference |
| Gregory (1900) +5 other references |
| Smith (1938) +3 other references |
| McCall et al. (1972) +3 other references | |
Kyrgyzstan | |
| Soloviev (2011) |
| |
Libya | |
| Lustrino et al. (2012) |
Madagascar | |
| Mahoney et al. (2008) | |
| Ashwal et al. (1998) |
| Lacroix (1922) | |
| Lacroix (1912) +3 other references |
| Lacroix (1923) +1 other reference |
Malawi | |
| Bloomfield (1965) +1 other reference |
| Garson et al. (1958) +5 other references |
Malaysia | |
| Ghani (2000) |
| Grubb (1965) +2 other references |
Mexico | |
| Rocks & Min.:63:456 +1 other reference |
| Petrov (n.d.) |
| Zucchi et al. (2025) |
Mongolia | |
| Savina et al. (2020) |
| ๊น์๋ฏผ (2019) |
| Peretyazhko et al. (2017) |
| Peretyazhko et al. (2018) |
Mozambique | |
| TORRE DE ASSUNCAO et al. (1962) |
| Neiva (1984) | |
Myanmar | |
| Shi et al. (2012) |
| Chhibber et al. (1934) +3 other references |
Namibia | |
| Simpson +5 other references |
| Steven et al. (1994) |
New Zealand | |
| Moore et al. (1985) |
| Mason (1951) +3 other references |
| Suggate et al. (1978) +2 other references |
| Pirajno (1980) |
| Railton et al. (1990) | |
| Olivine nodules from Tokatoka et al. (1) |
| Benson (1942) +1 other reference |
| Railton et al. (1990) | |
| Mossman et al. (1969) |
| Osborne Hutton (1944) |
| Turnbull et al. (2017) |
| Rodgers et al. (2000) |
| Moore (1979) |
| Black (1970) | |
| Railton et al. (1990) | |
| Jury (1981) |
North Korea | |
| Takeo Kato: "Two Types of Nickeliferous Pyrrhotite Deposits Found in Korea." (9 pp) |
| INOUE et al. (1951) +3 other references |
North Macedonia | |
| Stojanov |
Northwest Africa Meteorites | |
| Dr. Vivian Gornitz (2013) +1 other reference | |
Norway | |
| Breivik (2001) |
| Knut Edvard Larsen observation (visually id, common in other RP lavas) |
| Larsen (2015) |
| ... |
| Kullerud (1996) |
| Kvamsdal (1999) |
| Heldal +29 other references | |
| Cadow (1993) |
| Elvevold et al. (1996) |
| Ash (1967) |
| Bรธe (2001) | |
| Kullerud et al. (2012) |
| Witsรธ (1995) |
| Tor Witsรธ pers. com to Knut Edvard ... | |
| Bryhni (1964) |
| Porter (2014) |
| Bryhni (1964) |
| Bryhni (1964) |
| Bryhni (1964) |
| Bryhni (1964) |
| Wikstrรถm (1970) |
Pacific Ocean | |
| Hikov et al. (2025) |
| Yan et al. (2024) | |
Pakistan | |
| Wang et al. (2022) +1 other reference |
| Wang et al. (2026) | |
| Jan et al. (2022) |
Papua New Guinea | |
| Traill (1961) |
| Bainbridge et al. (1998) |
Paraguay | |
| Geological Survey Professional Paper 327 (U.S. Department of the Interior, 1959) |
| Eckel +2 other references |
Philippines | |
| Giese et al. (1986) |
Poland | |
| Krzysztof Andrzejewski Collection |
| Gil et al. (2022) |
| Gruszczyลska et al. (2010) |
| Lis et al. (1986) |
| Lis et al. (1986) |
| Eligiusz Szeลฤg private collection |
| Geopark - opis stanowiska nr 13 ... +5 other references | |
| Lis et al. (1986) |
| Lis et al. (1986) |
| Lis et al. (1986) |
| Lis et al. (1986) |
| Lis et al. (1986) |
| Lis et al. (1986) | |
| Lis et al. (1986) |
| Grahmann R. (1937) |
| Stepniewski et al. (2000) |
| Lis et al. (1986) |
Portugal | |
| Gaspar et al. (2000) |
| Wright (1968) +4 other references |
| Cruz et al. (2024) |
| Leal et al. (2022) |
Romania | |
| Grancea et al. (2002) |
Russia | |
| Kepezhinskas et al. (2023) |
| Sklyarov et al. (2016) |
| Sklyarov et al. (2016) | |
| Kiseleva et al. (2022) |
| Zhmodik et al. (2022) | |
| Koeberl et al. (2013) |
| Gramenitskiy et al. (2019) |
| Anastasiya SERGEEVA (2023) |
| Sandimirova et al. (2014) |
| Kyle et al. (2007) |
| ... +1 other reference |
| Gonevchuk et al. (2010) |
| Soloviev et al. (2022) |
| V. V. Vrublevskii et al. (2020) |
| alkcarb.myrocks.info (n.d.) | |
| Pavel M. Kartashov (n.d.) |
| Sazonov et al. (2024) |
| Vereshchagin et al. (2025) |
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Saudi Arabia | |
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Serbia | |
| Zivanovic (2019) |
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Slovakia | |
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| Kodฤra (1986) |
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| Kodฤra (1986) | |
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| Kodฤra (1986) |
| Kodฤra (1986) |
South Africa | |
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South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands | |
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Suriname | |
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Sweden | |
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Switzerland | |
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Taiwan | |
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Tajikistan | |
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Thailand | |
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Uganda | |
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UK | |
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USA | |
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Montpelier Mine, Montpelier, Hanover County, Virginia, USA