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PROVED (LEAN) This has been solved in the affirmative and the proof verified in Lean.
Let $k\geq 3$. Does there exist a finite set $A\subset \mathbb{R}^2$ such that, in any $2$-colouring of $A$, there exists a line which contains at least $k$ points from $A$, and all the points of $A$ on the line have the same colour?
Erdős [Er75f] says Graham and Selfridge proved the answer is yes when $k=3$.

Hunter has observed that, for sufficiently large $n$, a generic projection of $[k]^n$ into $\mathbb{R}^2$ has this property, by the Hales-Jewett theorem.

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This page was last edited 19 October 2025. View history

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Additional thanks to: Zach Hunter

When referring to this problem, please use the original sources of Erdős. If you wish to acknowledge this website, the recommended citation format is:

T. F. Bloom, Erdős Problem #1090, https://www.erdosproblems.com/1090, accessed 2026-05-21
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  • I believe I have formalized a proof of this problem. I gave Aristotle the problem statement and told it that it "may find Combinatorics.Line.exists_mono_in_high_dimension helpful" (the equivalent of Hales-Jewett in Mathlib), and it got 95% of the way there. It set up the problem to prove that there is some line with at least $k$ points of the same color, but its theorem statement did not require that all the points on the line had the same color. So I asked Gemini 3.0 Flash to write a theorem that matches the problem and prove it, and it did so without having to add any additional lemmas, just the theorem.

    I also removed the unused lemmas and fixed the warnings.

    Type-check it online!

    (The site has been updated to address this comment.)
  • the answer is yes: recall Hales Jewett and generically project $[k]^n$ into $\mathbb{R}^2$.

    (The site has been updated to address this comment.)

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