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[Feature Request] Add int4/uint4 support for IBM Power Systems (PowerPC; VSX/MMA) #28199

@mgiessing

Description

@mgiessing

Describe the feature request

Description:

ONNX Runtime supports int4/uint4 mainly on x86 (AVX2/AVX-512), but lacks optimized support for IBM Power Systems (PowerPC). This limits efficient inference of 4-bit quantized models on this architecture.

Proposal:

  • Add VSX + MMA optimized kernels (e.g., GEMM/MatMul, dot products)
  • Extend MLAS (or equivalent) with PowerPC paths
  • Support existing packed int4 formats

Notes:

  • VSX can handle unpacking; MMA can accelerate matrix multiply/accumulation
  • Approach can follow existing x86 implementations (e.g., ggml)

Questions:

  • Any plans for non-x86 int4 support?
  • Preferred integration point (MLAS vs EP)?

Thanks!

Describe scenario use case

Running LLM inference on IBM Power Systems using 4-bit quantized models (e.g., weight-only int4). Without native int4/uint4 support in ONNX Runtime, deployments must fall back to int8 or higher precision, leading to increased memory bandwidth usage and reduced throughput.

Enabling int4 with VSX/MMA would allow efficient execution of quantized GEMM/dot-product workloads, improving performance and reducing memory footprint for large models on PowerPC-based systems.

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