Q. Would “as well as” be lowercase in a title?
Q. What’s the rule for hyphenating a letter plus a noun?
Q. How should timings be formatted in source citations?
We answer these and other questions about Chicago style in the August Q&A at CMOS Online. cmos.style/QandA
Find it. Write it. Cite it. | Send style questions to bit.ly/CMOSquestion. Other queries? Please email us at [email protected].
- In Chicago style, “time-clock-punching employees” (with two hyphens) would be preferred to “time clock–punching employees” (with an en dash) and “time-clock–punching employees” (with a hyphen and an en dash). Details in the Q&A.
- Curious about spaces before punctuation marks in French text? Change your proofing language to French in Microsoft Word and watch what happens as you type. Details in the Q&A.
- Chicago style for abbreviating number ranges is efficient and (once you get the hang of it) easy to apply. For a quick refresher, check out this post from CMOS Shop Talk.
- When naming the title of a book or an article or the like, either “titled” or “entitled” is correct, though the former is usually preferred. And don’t use a comma after either one. Details in the Q&A.

