diff --git a/lib/opencage/error.rb b/lib/opencage/error.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..799a19c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/opencage/error.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+module OpenCage
+  class Error < StandardError
+    attr_reader :code
+
+    InvalidRequest = Class.new(self)
+    AuthenticationError = Class.new(self)
+    QuotaExceeded = Class.new(self)
+    Forbidden = Class.new(self)
+    InvalidEndpoint = Class.new(self)
+    NotAllowedMethod = Class.new(self)
+    Timeout = Class.new(self)
+    RequestTooLong = Class.new(self)
+    UpgradeRequired = Class.new(self)
+    TooManyRequests = Class.new(self)
+    InternalServer = Class.new(self)
+
+    def initialize(message:, code: nil)
+      super(message)
+      @code = code
+    end
+
+    ERRORS = {
+      0 => OpenCage::Error,
+      400 => OpenCage::Error::InvalidRequest,
+      401 => OpenCage::Error::AuthenticationError,
+      402 => OpenCage::Error::QuotaExceeded,
+      403 => OpenCage::Error::Forbidden,
+      404 => OpenCage::Error::InvalidEndpoint,
+      405 => OpenCage::Error::NotAllowedMethod,
+      408 => OpenCage::Error::Timeout,
+      410 => OpenCage::Error::RequestTooLong,
+      426 => OpenCage::Error::UpgradeRequired,
+      429 => OpenCage::Error::TooManyRequests,
+      503 => OpenCage::Error::InternalServer
+    }
+  end
+end
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/lib/opencage/geocoder.rb b/lib/opencage/geocoder.rb
index 1f8b815..22af730 100644
--- a/lib/opencage/geocoder.rb
+++ b/lib/opencage/geocoder.rb
@@ -1,14 +1,14 @@
 require 'opencage/geocoder/location'
 require 'opencage/geocoder/request'
+require 'opencage/error'
 require 'open-uri'
 require 'json'
 
 module OpenCage
   class Geocoder
-    GeocodingError = Class.new(StandardError)
 
     def initialize(default_options = {})
-      @api_key = default_options.fetch(:api_key) { raise GeocodingError, 'missing API key' }
+      @api_key = default_options.fetch(:api_key) { raise_error('401 Missing API key') }
     end
 
     def geocode(location, options = {})
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ def geocode(location, options = {})
 
     def reverse_geocode(lat, lng, options = {})
       if [lat, lng].any? { |coord| !coord.is_a?(Numeric) }
-        raise GeocodingError, "not valid numeric coordinates: #{lat.inspect}, #{lng.inspect}"
+        raise_error("400 Not valid numeric coordinates: #{lat.inspect}, #{lng.inspect}")
       end
 
       geocode("#{lat},#{lng}", options).first
@@ -33,18 +33,13 @@ def reverse_geocode(lat, lng, options = {})
     def fetch(url)
       JSON.parse(URI(url).open.read)['results']
     rescue OpenURI::HTTPError => e
-      raise GeocodingError, error_message(e)
+      raise_error(e)
     end
 
-    def error_message(error)
-      case String(error)
-      when /^403/
-        'invalid API key'
-      when /^402/
-        'out of quota'
-      else
-        error
-      end
+    def raise_error(error)
+      code = String(error).slice(0, 3)
+      klass = OpenCage::Error::ERRORS[code.to_i]
+      raise klass.new(message: String(error), code: code.to_i)
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/spec/cassettes/OpenCage_Geocoder/authentication/raises_an_error_when_geocoding_if_the_API_key_is_incorrect.yml b/spec/cassettes/OpenCage_Geocoder/authentication/raises_an_error_when_geocoding_if_the_API_key_is_incorrect.yml
index 56981ed..26174e0 100644
--- a/spec/cassettes/OpenCage_Geocoder/authentication/raises_an_error_when_geocoding_if_the_API_key_is_incorrect.yml
+++ b/spec/cassettes/OpenCage_Geocoder/authentication/raises_an_error_when_geocoding_if_the_API_key_is_incorrect.yml
@@ -15,27 +15,33 @@ http_interactions:
       - Ruby
   response:
     status:
-      code: 403
-      message: Forbidden
+      code: 401
+      message: Unauthorized
     headers:
       Date:
-      - Sat, 30 Mar 2019 15:11:18 GMT
+      - Wed, 26 Oct 2022 16:01:21 GMT
       Server:
-      - Apache/2.4.29 (Ubuntu)
+      - Apache
       Access-Control-Allow-Origin:
       - "*"
-      Transfer-Encoding:
-      - chunked
+      Vary:
+      - Accept-Encoding
+      X-Frame-Options:
+      - DENY
+      X-Xss-Protection:
+      - 1; mode=block
+      Content-Length:
+      - '288'
       Content-Type:
       - application/json; charset=utf-8
       Strict-Transport-Security:
-      - max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains
+      - max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains; preload
     body:
-      encoding: UTF-8
-      string: '{"documentation":"https://opencagedata.com/api","licenses":[{"name":"CC-BY-SA","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/"},{"name":"ODbL","url":"https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/summary/"}],"results":[],"status":{"code":403,"message":"invalid
-        API key"},"stay_informed":{"blog":"https://blog.opencagedata.com","twitter":"https://twitter.com/opencagedata"},"thanks":"For
-        using an OpenCage Data API","timestamp":{"created_http":"Sat, 30 Mar 2019
-        15:11:18 GMT","created_unix":1553958678},"total_results":0}'
-    http_version: 
-  recorded_at: Sat, 30 Mar 2019 15:11:18 GMT
-recorded_with: VCR 4.0.0
+      encoding: ASCII-8BIT
+      string: '{"documentation":"https://opencagedata.com/api","licenses":[{"name":"see
+        attribution guide","url":"https://opencagedata.com/credits"}],"results":[],"status":{"code":401,"message":"invalid
+        API key"},"stay_informed":{"blog":"https://blog.opencagedata.com","twitter":"https://twitter.com/OpenCage"},"thanks":"For
+        using an OpenCage API","timestamp":{"created_http":"Wed, 26 Oct 2022 16:01:20
+        GMT","created_unix":1666800080},"total_results":0}'
+  recorded_at: Wed, 26 Oct 2022 16:01:20 GMT
+recorded_with: VCR 6.0.0
diff --git a/spec/geocoder_spec.rb b/spec/geocoder_spec.rb
index eaa9617..a2e9a39 100644
--- a/spec/geocoder_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/geocoder_spec.rb
@@ -9,14 +9,14 @@ def geo
     it 'raises an error if the API key is missing' do
       expect do
         OpenCage::Geocoder.new
-      end.to raise_error(OpenCage::Geocoder::GeocodingError)
+      end.to raise_error(OpenCage::Error::AuthenticationError)
     end
 
     it 'raises an error when geocoding if the API key is incorrect', :vcr do
       expect do
         geo = OpenCage::Geocoder.new(api_key: 'AN-INVALID-KEY')
         geo.geocode('SOMEWHERE')
-      end.to raise_error(OpenCage::Geocoder::GeocodingError, 'invalid API key')
+      end.to raise_error(OpenCage::Error::AuthenticationError)
     end
 
     it 'raises an error when geocoding if the user is out of quota' do
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ def geo
 
       expect do
         geo.geocode('SOMEWHERE')
-      end.to raise_error(OpenCage::Geocoder::GeocodingError, 'out of quota')
+      end.to raise_error(OpenCage::Error::QuotaExceeded)
     end
   end
 
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ def geo
     it 'raises an error for non-numeric input' do
       expect do
         geo.reverse_geocode('NOT-A-COORD', 51.50934)
-      end.to raise_error(OpenCage::Geocoder::GeocodingError, 'not valid numeric coordinates: "NOT-A-COORD", 51.50934')
+      end.to raise_error(OpenCage::Error::InvalidRequest)
     end
   end